A Survey on Machine Learning and Deep Learning-based Computer-Aided Methods for Detection of Polyps in CT Colonography.

Background: Colon cancer generally begins as a neoplastic growth of tissue, called polyps, originating from the inner lining of the colon wall. Most colon polyps are considered harmless but over the time, they can evolve into colon cancer, which, when diagnosed in later stages, is often fatal. Hence, time is of the essence in the early detection of polyps and the prevention of colon cancer.

Combined endeavor of Neutrosophic Set and Chan-Vese model to extract accurate liver image from CT scan.

Many different diseases can occur in the liver, including infections such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, cancer and over effect of medication or toxins. The foremost stage for computer-aided diagnosis of liver is the identification of liver region. Liver segmentation algorithms extract liver image from scan images which helps in virtual surgery simulation, speedup the diagnosis, accurate investigation and surgery planning.

Early evidence of lymphoproliferative disorder: post-transplant monitoring of Epstein-Barr infection in adult and pediatric patients.

Transplant patients are at high risk of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). A strong correlation between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and PTLD is observed in pediatric patients with primary infection after transplant. Because many patients have responded to reversal of immunosuppressive therapy, an early identification of EBV is essential for the reduction of immunosuppression and/or introduction of antiviral therapy to prevent PTLD.

Application of real time PCR in post transplant monitoring of cytomegalovirus infection: comparison with other diagnostic approaches.

Immunosuppressive status in solid organ transplant recipients is often related to the reactivation of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection that remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the early detection of HCMV followed by infection monitoring is important to institute prompt and appropriate treatment. In recent years good results have been obtained by HCMV DNA amplification methods; qualitative and quantitative approaches have shown good sensitivity and specificity, but they often require post-PCR manipulation that adds time to the analysis and may lead to contamination problems.