Dysphagia--ingestion or deglutition?: a proposed paradigm.

The current classifications of dysphagia are based on local structural or central nervous system pathology causing dysfunction of the aerodigestive tract. The result is a clinical science grounded in the analysis of the swallow with its lingual, pharyngeal, and esophageal stages. Adding bolus preparation to the swallowing paradigm improves but still constrains the study of dysphagia and treatment of the dysphagic patient.

Dysphagia in progressive supranuclear palsy: radiologic features.

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a progressive degenerative extrapyramidal disease that often masquerades as Parkinson's disease (PD). Similar to PD, dysphagia frequently complicates the course of PSP. Because there is only one published report characterizing dysphagia in PSP, we reviewed the neurologic features and dynamic videofluoroscopic swallowing function study results in 10 dysphagic PSP patients.

Laryngeal deglutition movement in Parkinson's disease.

Laryngeal muscle function is defective in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients; the intrinsic group (vocal cords) is defective during phonation and the extrinsic group (laryngeal strap muscles) is slow during deglutition. There are no studies of vocal cord motility during deglutition in PD. We investigated laryngeal motility during deglutition in 71 patients with PD in a videofluoroscopic swallowing study.

Pharyngo-esophageal dysphagia in Parkinson's disease.

The radiologic characteristics of pharyngoesophageal (PE) dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) are not well established, partly because most previous studies have examined only small numbers of patients. We administered a dynamic videofluoroscopic swallowing function study to 71 patients with idiopathic PD. Using the Hoehn and Yahr disease severity scale, patients were subdivided into those with mild/moderate disease, subgroup I (n = 38), and advanced PD disease, subgroup II (n = 33).

Prepharyngeal dysphagia in Parkinson's disease.

Dysphagia in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) is most often attributed to pharyngeoesophageal motor abnormalities. In our study of patients with idiopathic PD, attention was focused on prepharyngeal symptoms and motor functions. Using the Hoehn and Yahr disease severity scale, patients were grouped into those with mild/moderate disease [subgroup I (n = 38)] and those with advanced disease [subgroup II (n = 34)].