Empirical antibiotic therapy improves outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: An emulated targeted trial within a prospective, multicentre cohort study.

Background: Bacterial pulmonary superinfections develop in a substantial proportion of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients and are associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation requirements and an increased mortality. Albeit recommended, evidence supporting the use of empirical antibiotics at intubation is weak and of low quality. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of empirical antibiotics, administered within 24hours of endotracheal intubation, on superinfections, duration of mechanical ventilation, and mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19.

Bispecific Antibodies for Lymphoid Malignancy Treatment.

Backgroud: The introduction of highly active immunotherapies has changed the outcome of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs) in the last two decades. Since then, important progress has been shown using newer and more active immunotherapies, including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T), conjugated monoclonal antibodies, and bispecific antobodies, which currently plays a significant role in the treatment of diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL), follicular (FL), and mantle cell (MCL) lymphoma.

Purpose: In this review, we provide an updated overview of recently completed and ongoing BsAb trials in patients with relapsed/refractory(R/R) B-NHL and Hodgkin's lymphoma, including single-agent results, emerging combinations, safety data, and novel constructs.

Small heat shock proteins as relevant biomarkers for anthropogenic stressors in earthworms.

Anthropogenic stressors in terrestrial ecosystems require focused research on adaptive responses in soil organisms such as Eisenia fetida, a model earthworm species. We analyzed the gene expression of five small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) in response to various stressors: heat stress (31 and 35 °C), desiccation (10 % and 20 % humidity), and chemical exposure (bisphenol A and endosulfan) under standard and elevated temperatures. Under moderate heat (31 °C), early upregulation of sHSP transcripts suggests their involvement in initial stress responses, possibly mitigating protein aggregation.

Critical aggregation concentration and reversibility of amyloid-β (1-40) oligomers.

Amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, with distinct aggregation behaviours observed between its isoforms Amyloid-β 1-40 (Aβ40) and 1-42 (Aβ42). In this study, we investigated the aggregation properties of Aβ40 using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and detailed data analysis. Our results reveal that Aβ40 undergoes a two-step cooperative aggregation process.