Ph. Eur. testing for histamine and depressor substances using guinea-pigs and cats: the end of an era. Strategy for removal of animal tests for histamine and depressor substances and their vestiges from the Ph. Eur.

For more than 50 years, assays have been used for testing pharmaceutical product safety due to their assumed ability to broadly detect potential unidentified contaminants. As part of these in vivo tests, the animal tests for depressor substances and histamine have been described in the European Pharmacopoeia since its first edition in 1977. Both tests measure the effect of histamine and histamine-like substances, using guinea-pigs and cats respectively.

An integrated digital workflow for long-term interim combined fixed and removable prostheses.

Interim prostheses are required for the management of complex prosthodontic treatment which sometimes comprises both fixed and removable prostheses in the same arch. The traditional workflow for interim combined fixed and removable prostheses is time consuming and results can be unpredictable. A novel integrated digital workflow was adopted in the management of long-term interim combined fixed and removable prostheses.

Trueness of 3-dimensionally printed complete arch implant analog casts.

Statement Of Problem: Although a completely digital workflow has numerous advantages, a physical definitive cast may be especially helpful for the accurate assembly of components of complex complete arch-fixed prostheses, the evaluation of esthetic and occlusion features, or prosthesis fabrication. Research on the accuracy of additive complete arch casts with implants positioned with a large anterior-posterior (A-P) spread is sparse.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the trueness of complete arch 4-implant analog casts with a large A-P distribution fabricated with different 3-dimensional (3D) printers.

Effect of the attachments on clinical outcomes of mandibular distal extension implant-supported removable partial dentures: A systematic review.

Statement Of Problem: Healing abutments and attachments have been used for implant-supported removable partial dentures (ISRPDs). However, the effects of these abutments and attachments on the clinical outcomes of the implants and prostheses are elusive because of the lack of standardized research protocols.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the clinical outcomes of mandibular distal extension ISRPDs with healing abutments and attachments by analyzing qualified studies.

Comparison of strength of milled and conventionally processed PMMA complete-arch implant-supported immediate interim fixed dental prostheses.

Statement Of Problem: A typical conversion process of a complete-arch immediate loading protocol entails preparing holes in a complete denture for connection to interim copings, which reduces the strength of the prosthesis. The excellent mechanical properties of milled polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) disks may provide interim prostheses with improved strength.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the flexural strength and failure load of simulated acrylic resin immediate implant-supported interim prostheses fabricated by conventional processing and computer-aided manufacturing.