Urban occupational structures as information networks: The effect on network density of increasing number of occupations.

Urban economies are composed of diverse activities, embodied in labor occupations, which depend on one another to produce goods and services. Yet little is known about how the nature and intensity of these interdependences change as cities increase in population size and economic complexity. Understanding the relationship between occupational interdependencies and the number of occupations defining an urban economy is relevant because interdependence within a networked system has implications for system resilience and for how easily can the structure of the network be modified.

Alterations of the outer retina in non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy detected using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Background: A characteristic disease pattern may be reflected by retinal layer thickness changes in non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy measured using spectraldomain optical coherence tomography. Retinal layer segmentation is enabled by advanced software. In this study, retinal layer thicknesses in acute and chronic non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy were compared.

[Does OCT morphology provide indications for prognosis of visual acuity after venous occlusion? : SD-OCT analysis in retinal vein occlusion before and after resolution of initial macular edema].

Background: Even though macular edema (ME) in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is resolved after intravitreal treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), impairment of visual acuity (VA) often persists.

Objective: A qualitative and quantitative evaluation of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images was carried out in patients with RVO and resolved ME to investigate a correlation between retinal morphology and functional results.

Material And Methods: Foveal SD-OCT scans of 13 patients with RVO and resolved ME after treatment were retrospectively evaluated.

[Dacryolith in a lacrimal duct].

A 31-year-old woman presented with a prominent, yellowish conjunctival mass in the left temporal canthus that had persisted for 3 months despite previous puncture. Repeat incision and curettage produced an 8 mm long concretion. A histopathological examination revealed a dacryolith in the lacrimal duct.