Clinical and biochemical data for the diagnosis of endogenous hypercortisolism: the "Cushingomic" approach.

Context: The clinical presentation of Cushing's syndrome (CS) overlaps with common conditions. Recommended screening tests are serum cortisol after 1-mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST), urinary free cortisol (UFC), and late-night salivary cortisol (LNSC).

Methods: We analyzed the diagnostic accuracy of screening tests in 615 patients without CS (263 suspected CS, 319 adrenal and 33 pituitary incidentaloma) and 40 with CS.

Second-line tests in the differential diagnosis of neoplastic and non-neoplastic hypercortisolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The clinical and hormonal overlap between neoplastic (CS) and non-neoplastic (NNH/pCS) hypercortisolism is a challenge. Various dynamic tests have been proposed to allow an early discrimination between these conditions, but to date there is no agreement on which of them should be used.

Aim: To provide an overview of the available tests and to obtain a quantitative synthesis of their diagnostic performance in discriminating NNH/pCS from CS.

Dynamic Testing for Differential Diagnosis of ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Context: Diagnostic accuracy of testing currently used for the differential diagnosis of Cushing disease (CD) vs ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion (EAS) is difficult to interpret.

Objective: The present study aimed to identify and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test, the desmopressin test, and the high-dose dexamethasone suppression test (HDDST) when used to establish a CD or EAS diagnosis.

Methods: This study is a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.