Morphological Characterization of Fossil L. Seeds from the Gelasian of Italy by Seed Image Analysis.

The discovery of well-preserved fossil L. seeds from the Gelasian stage in Italy has provided a unique opportunity to investigate the systematics of fossilized species. Through seed image analyses and elliptical Fourier transforms of fossil seeds from the sites Buronzo-Gifflenga and Castelletto Cervo II, we pointed out a strong relationship to the group of extant Eurasian species.

Measurement of branchial vascular space of trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: effects of adrenaline.

Using the isolated-perfused head preparation at a constant flow rate, hemodynamic effects of adrenaline were studied in trout gills. The calculation of the vascular spaces was performed with the isotopic pulse technique allowing measurement of the distribution space of the tracer. The results show that the branchial arterial circuit was cleared more quickly than the branchial venous and cephalic circuits.

Kinetics of potassium transport across trout gills.

1. Kinetics of potassium transport across trout gills was studied, using an isolated-head preparation. 2.

The effects of starvation and sexual maturation on Na+ transbranchial fluxes following direct transfer from fresh water to sea-water in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).

1. The perfused isolated head technique has been used to measure sodium arterial fluxes following direct transfer from fresh water to sea-water. 2.

Estimation of sodium uptake through the gill of the rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri.

Sodium exchanges through the gill epithelia were estimated in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, using the perfused head technique. The head tissues accumulate radioactivity. In addition there exists an extrabranchial entry of sodium, which is 20 times smaller than the branchial one.