The neonicotinoid, imidacloprid, disrupt the chicken sperm quality through calcium efflux.

Imidacloprid (IMI), an insecticide from the neonicotinoid group widely used in agriculture, has drawn attention due to its potential harmful effects on non-target species, including bird populations. In the present work, we investigated the effect of IMI on avian semen by in vitro exposure of rooster spermatozoa to this pesticide. The semen was collected twice a week.

Radiomic Analysis to Predict Histopathologically Confirmed Pseudoprogression in Glioblastoma Patients.

Purpose: Pseudoprogression mimicking recurrent glioblastoma remains a diagnostic challenge that may adversely confound or delay appropriate treatment or clinical trial enrollment. We sought to build a radiomic classifier to predict pseudoprogression in patients with primary isocitrate dehydrogenase wild type glioblastoma.

Methods And Materials: We retrospectively examined a training cohort of 74 patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase wild type glioblastomas with brain magnetic resonance imaging including dynamic contrast enhanced T1 perfusion before resection of an enhancing lesion indeterminate for recurrent tumor or pseudoprogression.

Health Care Spending on Respiratory Diseases in the United States, 1996-2016.

Respiratory conditions account for a large proportion of health care spending in the United States. A full characterization of spending across multiple conditions and over time has not been performed. To estimate health care spending in the United States for 11 respiratory conditions from 1996 to 2016, providing detailed trends and an evaluation of factors associated with spending growth.

Spending on Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the United States: 1996 to 2016.

Background: Spending on cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk factors (cardiovascular spending) accounts for a significant portion of overall US health care spending. Our objective was to describe US adult cardiovascular spending patterns in 2016, changes from 1996 to 2016, and factors associated with changes over time.

Methods: We extracted information on adult cardiovascular spending from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation's disease expenditure project, which combines data on insurance claims, emergency department and ambulatory care visits, inpatient and nursing care facility stays, and drug prescriptions to estimate >85% of all US health care spending.

MRI radiomic features are associated with survival in melanoma brain metastases treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Melanoma brain metastases historically portend a dismal prognosis, but recent advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been associated with durable responses in some patients. There are no validated imaging biomarkers associated with outcomes in patients with melanoma brain metastases receiving ICIs. We hypothesized that radiomic analysis of magnetic resonance images (MRIs) could identify higher-order features associated with survival.