An Evaluation of Plasma TNF, VEGF-A, and IL-6 Determination as a Risk Marker of Atherosclerotic Vascular Damage in Early-Onset CAD Patients.

: The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is multifactorial and diverse. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are involved in these processes. It is suggested that inflammation may represent a novel and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Could Tumor Necrosis Factor Serve as a Marker for Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients with Early-Onset Coronary Artery Disease?

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, can be produced by cardiomyocytes, leading to metabolic disorders in the myocardium. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between plasma levels of the TNF cytokine and the presence of known biochemical and clinical risk factors for cardiovascular disease, along with the parameters of cardiac morphology in patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) at a young age. The study group included 75 men aged up to 50 years and 25 women aged up to 55 years.

Level of Disability after Total Hip Replacement in Patients with Some Gene Polymorphism.

Background: The gene encodes the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase, which is a key modulator of dopaminergic and adrenergic neurotransmission. Hip osteoarthritis is accompanied by reduced mobility and some level of disability. In our study, we analyzed the association between some gene polymorphisms and reduced mobility in patients after total hip replacement (THR).

Significance of Selected Environmental and Biological Factors on the Risk of FASD in Women Who Drink Alcohol during Pregnancy.

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), which refers to alcohol consumption by pregnant women, is associated with the risk of numerous severe complications during fetal development. The State Agency for Alcohol Problem Solving reports that the incidence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in Poland's general population is over 1.7%, and the incidence of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is estimated at more than 0.