Glutamine: A key player in human metabolism as revealed by hyperpolarized magnetic resonance.

In recent years, there has been remarkable progress in the field of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP). This method has shown significant potential for enhancing nuclear polarization by over 10,000 times, resulting in a substantial increase in sensitivity. The unprecedented signal enhancements achieved with D-DNP have opened new possibilities for in vitro analysis.

Simultaneous Observation of the Anomerization and Reaction Rates of Enzymatic Dehydrogenation of Glucose-6-Phosphate by Dissolution DNP.

The hyperpolarization of biological samples using dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) has become an attractive method for the monitoring of fast chemical and enzymatic reactions using NMR by taking advantage of a large signal increase. This approach is actively developing but still needs key methodological breakthroughs to be used as an analytical method for the monitoring of complex networks of simultaneous metabolic pathways. In this article, we use the deceptively simple example of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) oxidation reaction by the enzyme G6P dehydrogenase (G6PDH) to discuss some important methodological aspects of dDNP kinetic experiments, such as its robustness and its ability to provide repeatable results as well as the capacity of this time-resolved methodology to test kinetic models and hypotheses and to provide reliable parameter estimates.

The unconventional resistance protein PTR recognizes the Magnaporthe oryzae effector AVR-Pita in an allele-specific manner.

Blast disease caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most devastating rice diseases. Disease resistance genes such as Pi-ta or Pi-ta2 are critical in protecting rice production from blast. Published work reports that Pi-ta codes for a nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat domain protein (NLR) that recognizes the fungal protease-like effector AVR-Pita by direct binding.

Molecular dissection of the pseudokinase ZED1 expands effector recognition to the tomato immune receptor ZAR1.

The highly conserved angiosperm immune receptor HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE 1 (ZAR1) is a bacterial pathogen recognition hub that mediates resistance by guarding host kinases for modification by pathogen effectors. The pseudokinase HOPZ-ETI DEFICIENT 1 (ZED1) is the only known ZAR1-guarded protein that interacts directly with a pathogen effector, HopZ1a, from the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, making it a promising system for rational design of effector recognition for plant immunity. Here, we conducted an in-depth molecular analysis of ZED1.

The pan-PPAR agonist lanifibranor improves cardiometabolic health in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Lanifibranor, a pan-PPAR agonist, improves liver histology in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), who have poor cardiometabolic health (CMH) and cardiovascular events as major mortality cause. NATIVE trial secondary and exploratory outcomes (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03008070) were analyzed for the effect of lanifibranor on IR, lipid and glucose metabolism, systemic inflammation, blood pressure (BP), hepatic steatosis (imaging and histological grading) for all patients of the original analysis.