TRPV4 modulates inflammatory responses and apoptosis in enteric glial cells triggered by Clostridioides difficile toxins A and B.

Clostridioides difficile, a spore-forming anaerobic bacterium, is the primary cause of hospital antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Key virulence factors, toxins A (TcdA) and B (TcdB), significantly contribute to C. difficile infection (CDI).

First Record of Tropical Sod Webworm on Turfgrass in Brazil.

Climate change and anthropogenic disturbance in agricultural production systems can facilitate shifts in the distribution of arthropod pest species and in the range of plant hosts on which they feed. This study presents the first record of Tropical Sod Webworm (TSW), Herpetogramma phaeopteralis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Spilomelinae), on native or nativized species of the genus Axonopus (Poaceae) in Brazil. The occurrence of population outbreaks of this species was observed in March and April of 2024 among smallholder cattle farmers in Capão Alto and Campo Belo do Sul, both municipalities situated in the highlands of Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil.

Maternal supplementation with Dipteryx alata Vog. modulates fecal microbiota diversity, accelerates reflex ontogeny, and improves non-associative and spatial memory in the offspring of rats.

Maternal diet plays a crucial role in offspring development, directly affecting neural development and gut microbiota composition. This study aimed to assess if baru almond and oil (Dipteryx alata Vog.) could modulate intestinal microbiota, brain fatty acid profile, and enhance memory in offspring of rats treated during early life stages.

Starch-octenyl succinic anhydride nanoemulsions with clove and white thyme essential oils: In vitro antifungal activity and application on orange (Citrus sinensis cv. Salustiana) preservation.

Starch modified by octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) is a polysaccharide that can be used as a stabilizer in the development of emulsions added with essential oils (EOs). The objective of this study was to develop nanoemulsions based on starch-OSA containing clove essential oil (CEO) and white thyme essential oil (WTEO) and a proportional mixture of the two EOs (CWTEO) using high-pressure homogenization. The emulsions were characterized by particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, stability during 150 days, and antifungal activity, with inhibition of mycelial growth, against the fungus Penicillium digitatum.