Comparison of muscle activation during quadrupedal movement training and traditional bodyweight exercises.

Quadrupedal movement training (QMT) is a unique form of bodyweight training shown to improve flexibility, FMS scores, and proprioception, however, little is known about its muscle activation characteristics. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare surface EMG (sEMG) activity of muscles of the trunk, upper, and lower extremity during QMT movements and common traditional bodyweight exercises (TRA). Twenty (males n = 9) participants (age: 27.

Patient safety issues associated with the use of compounded medicines as alternatives to approved pharmaceutical products in Europe and how best practice can improve outcomes.

Background: Pharmaceutical compounding allows individuals with special requirements access to medicines. Compounding can also be used to provide cheaper alternatives to commercially produced medicines which may be less strictly regulated than those commercially produced as they do not require marketing authorisation.

Objective: This review describes the issues and potential risks associated with compounded medicines and equally importantly identifies best practices.