Feed additives for methane mitigation: Recommendations for identification and selection of bioactive compounds to develop antimethanogenic feed additives.

Despite the increasing interest in developing antimethanogenic additives to reduce enteric methane (CH) emissions and the extensive research conducted over the last decades, the global livestock industry has a very limited number of antimethanogenic feed additives (AMFA) available that can deliver substantial reduction, and they have generally not reached the market yet. This work provides technical recommendations and guidelines for conducting tests intended to screen the potential to reduce, directly or indirectly, enteric CH of compounds before they can be further assessed in in vivo conditions. The steps involved in this work cover the discovery, isolation, and identification of compounds capable of affecting CH production by rumen microbes, followed by in vitro laboratory testing of potential candidates.

ZBTB18 regulates cytokine expression and affects microglia/macrophage recruitment and commitment in glioblastoma.

Glioma associated macrophages/microglia (GAMs) play an important role in glioblastoma (GBM) progression, due to their massive recruitment to the tumor site and polarization to a tumor promoting phenotype. GAMs secrete a variety of cytokines, which facilitate tumor cell growth and invasion, and prevent other immune cells from mounting an immune response against the tumor. Here, we demonstrate that zinc finger and BTB containing domain 18 (ZBTB18), a transcriptional repressor with tumor suppressive function in glioblastoma, impairs the production of key cytokines, which function as chemoattractant for GAMs.

Removal of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances from tap water by means of point-of-use treatment: A review.

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used synthetic chemicals known for their environmental persistence and adverse health effects. For this reason, they have come under increasing scrutiny in drinking water, with several groundbreaking drinking water regulations adopted recently in the US and the EU. Nevertheless, conventional treatment processes often fail to remove PFAS effectively, raising concerns about drinking water quality and consumer health.

Different Physiochemical Properties of Novel Fibre Sources in the Diet of Weaned Pigs Influence Animal Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Caecal Fermentation.

The effect of including micronised fibre sources (FS) differing in fermentability and hydration capacity (HC) on growth performance, faecal digestibility, and caecal fermentation was investigated in piglets. There were four dietary treatments: a control diet (CON) and three treatments differing in the HC and fermentability of FS added at 1.5% to prestarter (28-42 d) and starter (42-61 d) diets.

Effect of dietary supplementation of two fiber sources differing on fermentability and hydration capacity on performance, nutrient digestibility and cecal fermentation in broilers from 1 to 42 d of age.

A total of 378 Cobb-500 male broilers were used to evaluate the effects of 2 fiber sources, differing in hydration capacity and fermentability, on gastrointestinal tract development, apparent ileal digestibility and performance from 1 to 42d of age. There were 9 replicates per each of the 3 dietary treatments, all in mash form: a wheat-soybean control (CON) diet, CON diet diluted with 1.5% of wood lignocellulose (LC diet) as a non-fermentable insoluble fiber with high hydration capacity; and CON diluted with 1.