Transcriptome analysis of infecting strawberry identified RXLR effectors that induce cell death when transiently expressed in .

is a plant pathogenic oomycete that causes crown rot in strawberry leading to significant economic losses every year. To invade the host, secretes an arsenal of effectors that can manipulate host physiology and impair its defense system promoting infection. A transcriptome analysis was conducted on a susceptible wild strawberry genotype () 48 hours post inoculation with to identify effectors expressed during the early infection stage.

Diversity of the Ry gene conferring resistance to potato virus Y in wild relatives of potato.

Background: Potato virus Y (PVY) is among the economically most damaging viral pathogen in production of potato (Solanum tuberosum) worldwide. The gene Ry derived from the wild potato relative Solanum stoloniferum confers extreme resistance to PVY.

Results: The presence and diversity of Ry were investigated in wild relatives of potato (298 genotypes representing 29 accessions of 26 tuber-bearing Solanum species) using PacBio amplicon sequencing.

Fungicide-Resistant in Forest Nurseries May Impact Disease Control in Norway Spruce.

Gray mold, caused by spp., is a serious problem in Norway spruce seedling production in forest nurseries. From 2013 to 2019, 125 isolates of were obtained from eight forest nurseries in Norway: 53 from Norway spruce seedlings, 16 from indoor air, 52 from indoor surfaces, and four from weeds growing close to seedlings.

Genome analysis of strains associated with crown- and leather-rot in strawberry.

has two distinct pathotypes that cause crown rot and leather rot in strawberry ( × ). Strains of the crown rot pathotype can infect both the rhizome (crown) and fruit tissues, while strains of the leather rot pathotype can only infect the fruits of strawberry. The genome of a highly virulent crown rot strain, a low virulent crown rot strain, and three leather rot strains were sequenced using PacBio high fidelity (HiFi) long read sequencing.

Climate, host and geography shape insect and fungal communities of trees.

Non-native pests, climate change, and their interactions are likely to alter relationships between trees and tree-associated organisms with consequences for forest health. To understand and predict such changes, factors structuring tree-associated communities need to be determined. Here, we analysed the data consisting of records of insects and fungi collected from dormant twigs from 155 tree species at 51 botanical gardens or arboreta in 32 countries.