Oral Mycobiome Alterations in Postmenopausal Women: Links to Inflammation, Xerostomia, and Systemic Health.

The oral mycobiome plays a critical role in maintaining oral and systemic health, with its composition and function influenced by various physiological and environmental factors. This descriptive review explores the changes in the oral mycobiome among postmenopausal women, examining how aging and associated inflammatory processes contribute to these alterations. These changes are linked to an increased prevalence of xerostomia, oral dysbiosis, and inflammation, which can negatively impact both oral and systemic health.

Placental abruption: etiopathogenic aspects, diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

The severe form of retroplacental hematoma is a serious accident in the second stage of pregnancy and at birth with frightening for the mother and fetus that often lead to death. The pathological mechanism presumes conditions for a "special ground" capital for the "efficiency" of the acute intradecidual vascular accident with the rupture of the uterus-placental arterioles. The complete clinical picture of this severe form of retroplacental hematoma - the placental abruption, observed and mentioned by the classics (vascular drama of Couvelaire) consists of five syndromes, 18 signs and symptoms, four paradoxes, phenomena not fully met in the other forms of retroplacental hematoma (minor and intermediate).

Uteroplacental apoplexy associated with invasive cervical neoplasm.

The cervical cancer is the worldwide second neoplasia in women, after the breast cancer. The incidence of invasive carcinoma in pregnancy is 1÷2000 to 1÷10 000 pregnancies. In most of the studies, almost all the patients had microinvasive carcinoma or limited cervical carcinoma at the cervix level.

Endometrial proliferative lesions associated with uterine fibromatosis.

Hysteroscopy and uterine curettage are required in cases of atypical hyperplasia in premenopause and in all cases of hyperplasia with/without atypia in postmenopausal women. Biopsic curettage is the method of choice in the diagnosis of endometrial pathology. Transvaginal ultrasound and Doppler examination are useful in assessing the risk of endometrial hyperplasia or endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women without/with continuous replacement therapy, but cannot replace endometrial biopsy to exclude endometrial cancer diagnosis.