Effectiveness of Abdominal Breathing Exercise to Control Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To determine the effect of actively training the crura of diaphragm which is a part of lower esophageal sphincter using abdominal breathing exercises to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Methodology: With a randomized controlled study design, a total of 22 (11 in each group) clinically diagnosed patients of GERD presenting to the gastroenterology outpatient department at Holy Family Hospital in Pakistan were assessed using GERD related "quality of life index (QoLI)" questionnaire and their on-demand proton pump inhibitors (PPI) usage. Single blinding technique will be used.

A machine learning based variable selection algorithm for binary classification of perinatal mortality.

The identification of significant predictors with higher model performance is the key objective in classification domain. A machine learning-based variable selection technique termed as CARS-Logistic model is proposed by coupling competitive adaptive re-weighted sampling(CARS) and logistic regression for binary classification. Based on five assessment criteria, the proposed method is found to be more efficient than Forward selection logistic regression model.

Removal of a circumferentially torn stuck balloon from a calcified right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit.

We report a case of right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit angioplasty in which a valvuloplasty balloon ruptured circumferentially and was retained within the conduit. A high-pressure balloon was used to relieve the obstruction and free the ruptured balloon. The procedure was further complicated when the distal part of the balloon broke away from the proximal part during an attempt to retrieve it back into the femoral sheath.

Implant waste and associated costs in trauma and orthopaedic surgery: a systematic review.

Purpose: Trauma and orthopaedic (T&O) surgery relies on medical implants and materials, often resulting in metalwork wastage (prosthesis, screws, nails, and plates). This places an economic strain on healthcare services and the environment. Our primary outcome is to quantify the implant wastage across the literature, and secondarily investigate the associated costs in this specialty.

Demographic, social and health system factors associated with maternal mortality in Pakistan: A nested case-control study.

Background: Pakistan has experienced a significant reduction in maternal mortality with a decline of 33 percent between 2006 and 2019. However, the country still grapples with a high number (186 per 100,000 live births) of maternal deaths each year. This study aims to identify socio-demographic and health system related factors associated with maternal mortality.