Discovery of Evolutionary Loss of the Ubiquitin-like Autophagy-Related ATG12 System in a Lineage of Apicomplexa.

The autophagy-related ubiquitin-like conjugation systems, the ATG8 and ATG12 systems, are universally conserved in eukaryotes. However, the covalent bond in the ATG12 system has recently been shown to be evolutionarily lost in Apicomplexa. Here, we show that all genes associated with the ATG12 system are absent in piroplasmida, a lineage within Apicomplexa.

Spin coherence phenomena of an = 1/2 copper(II) system in a polyoxometalate with a less-abundant nuclear spin.

The spin coherence phenomena of a system consisting of a mononuclear 3d transition metal = 1/2 centre embedded in a polyoxometalate with low nuclear-spin abundance, [(-CH)N]H[SiWOCuZn], have been revealed for the first time. Variable-temperature Hahn-echo experiments using the pulsed electron spin resonance technique showed that its coherence lifetime remains at the submicrosecond level even above 100 K.

Clinical profile of IgG4-related disease in Japan based on the rare disease data registry.

We started a registry for cases of immunoglobulin (Ig)G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) in December 2019 to clarify the clinical profile of IgG4-RD. In this study, clinical information from 854 cases registered by February 16, 2024 was analyzed from multiple perspectives. Diagnosis of IgG4-RD was made in 808 cases, comprising 638 definite, 38 probable, and 132 possible.

Factors associated with postoperative shivering in patients with maintained core temperature after surgery.

Background: Postoperative shivering is mainly associated with low body temperature. However, postoperative shivering can develop even at normal or high core temperatures. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with postoperative shivering in patients with maintained core temperature after surgery.