The existence of manual mode increases human blame for AI mistakes.

People are offloading many tasks to artificial intelligence (AI)-including driving, investing decisions, and medical choices-but it is human nature to want to maintain ultimate control. So even when using autonomous machines, people want a "manual mode", an option that shifts control back to themselves. Unfortunately, the mere existence of manual mode leads to more human blame when AI makes mistakes.

Algorithmic discrimination causes less moral outrage than human discrimination.

Companies and governments are using algorithms to improve decision-making for hiring, medical treatments, and parole. The use of algorithms holds promise for overcoming human biases in decision-making, but they frequently make decisions that discriminate. Media coverage suggests that people are morally outraged by algorithmic discrimination, but here we examine whether people are outraged by algorithmic discrimination than by human discrimination.

Effort Provision in a Game of Luck.

In some jobs, the correlation between effort and output is almost zero. For instance, money managers are primarily paid for luck. Using a controlled lab experiment, we examined under which conditions workers are willing to put in effort even if the output (and thus their employer's earnings) is determined by pure luck.

Dose-Dependent Inhibition of CYP2D6 by Bupropion in Patients With Depression.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential dose-dependent CYP2D6 inhibition by bupropion (BUP) in patients with depression.

Methods: Patients combining BUP with venlafaxine were included from a therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) database at the Diakonhjemmet Hospital (Oslo, Norway). The O/N-desmethylvenlafaxine metabolic ratio measured in TDM samples was used as a biomarker for CYP2D6 phenotype and was compared between patients treated with BUP 150 mg/d and 300 mg/d or greater.

Relationship between betahydroxybutyrate (BHB) and acetone concentrations in postmortem blood and cause of death.

Unexpected death caused by diabetic or alcoholic ketoacidosis is easily overlooked due to the non-specific symptoms. Although the acid betahydroxybutyrate (BHB) is the most abundant ketone body formed in conditions with ketoacidosis, routine analysis in postmortem investigations often only includes the neutral ketone body acetone. This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of implementing routine BHB analysis in postmortem cases, by investigating the relationship between BHB and acetone concentrations in postmortem blood and the main cause of death.