Technical and environmental long-term properties of industrial residues--summary of field and laboratory investigations.

In Sweden, use of industrial residues is still hindered by concern for their long-term properties. A three-year research project was therefore initiated aiming to (1) identify the crucial processes of ageing related to the usefulness of residues in roads; (2) investigate the consequences of these processes for technical and environmental properties of the residues, and (3) propose a method for accelerated ageing to predict the long-term properties. This paper gives an overview of the project methodology, a summary of the test results and references to papers where further details are given.

Reproducing ten years of road ageing--accelerated carbonation and leaching of EAF steel slag.

Reuse of industrial aggregates is still hindered by concern for their long-term properties. This paper proposes a laboratory method for accelerated ageing of steel slag, to predict environmental and technical properties, starting from fresh slag. Ageing processes in a 10-year old asphalt road with steel slag of electric arc furnace (EAF) type in the subbase were identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and leaching tests.

Variation in deformation properties of processed MSWI bottom ash: results from triaxial tests.

This study is part of a larger study of the mechanical properties of processed municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash. The aim was to investigate the variation in deformation properties of the ash for future use in unbound road layers. The effect of the material variation was analysed in particular.

Self-cementing properties of crushed demolished concrete in unbound layers: results from triaxial tests and field tests.

A 2-year study is underway to evaluate the expected growth in stiffness in layers of crushed concrete from demolished structures. This growth is said to be a result of self-cementing properties. The study consists of repeated load triaxial tests on manufactured specimens after different storing time together with falling weight deflectometer, FWD, measurements on test sections.

Design considerations in power spectra measurements by diffraction of coherent light.

The estimation of the spectral density of a spatial random process by diffraction requires that the parameters of the diffraction system be compatible with the statistical properties of the process. Otherwise, the estimate of the spectrum can be unstable or unduly biased. The relation between the second-order statistics of the process and the parameters of a basic diffraction system that are required for reasonable spectral estimates is investigated.