How Antiretroviral Drug Concentrations Could Be Affected by Oxidative Stress, Physical Capacities and Genetics: A Focus on Dolutegravir Treated Male PLWH.

High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are present in people living with HIV (PLWH), produced by intense physical activity; in response, our body produces antioxidant molecules. ROS influence the expression of gene-encoding enzymes and transporters involved in drug biotransformation. In addition, pharmacogenetics can influence transporter activity, and thus drug exposure.

Age- and Sex-Based Developmental Biomarkers in Eye Movements.

Background: Eye movement research serves as a critical tool for assessing brain function, diagnosing neurological and psychiatric disorders, and understanding cognition and behavior. Sex differences have largely been under reported or ignored in neurological research. However, eye movement features provide biomarkers that are useful for disease classification with superior accuracy and robustness compared to previous classifiers for neurological diseases.

Associations Between Polymorphisms of Genes Related to Vitamin D Pathway and the Response to Vedolizumab and Ustekinumab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

: Vitamin D (VD) has immunoregulatory properties, generating interest in its potential to influence therapeutic outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), other than affecting the expression of genes encoding enzymes and transporters involved in drug metabolism and transport. This study investigated VD-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as predictors of clinical responses in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) treated with vedolizumab (VDZ) or ustekinumab (UST) after 3 (T3) and 12 months (T12), as well as the achievement of fecal calprotectin (FC) levels < 250 mg/kg, a marker of mucosal healing. : In this prospective study, 103 patients (67 CD, 36 UC) were enrolled, 40 receiving VDZ and 63 receiving UST.

Clinical and genomic profiling of a patient with a de novo ring chromosome 18: a case report highlighting autoimmune and neurological implications.

Ring chromosome 18 (r(18)) is a rare chromosomal abnormality characterized by the circular rearrangement of chromosome 18, which presents significant challenges in genotype-phenotype correlations due to variability in deletions across the 18p and 18q arms. We report the case of a pediatric patient with a de novo ring chromosome 18, diagnosed by karyotype analysis and confirmed by high-resolution SNP arrays. The patient exhibited pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) in the 18p11.

Development and Validation of a UHPLC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of Candesartan and Bisoprolol Together with Other 16 Antihypertensive Drugs in Plasma Samples.

Antihypertensive pharmacological therapy is often characterized by a coadministration of different classes of drugs. Therefore, analytical methods allowing the simultaneous quantification of many drugs are needed for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) purposes in this context. In particular, TDM represents a useful tool to discriminate poor adherence from real cases of resistant hypertension.