Network analysis of cattle movement among municipalities in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from 2013 to 2023.

The aim of this study was to characterize the movement among municipalities in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, and to perform a network analysis based on these movements. Data on cattle movement in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from January 2013 to August 2023 were acquired from Guia de Trânsito Animal (GTA) (Animal Transit Guide), mandatory in Brazil for all livestock movements, provided by Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária (IMA) (State Animal Health Authority). Descriptive analysis was performed, the five most common municipalities that were the origin and destination of movements were described, and the reason for transportation was assessed.

Epidemiological situation of bovine and bubaline tuberculosis in the state of Pará, Amazon region of Brazil.

Introduction: Bovine tuberculosis is one of the primary infectious diseases affecting cattle. Although several countries have managed to eradicate this zoonosis it remains endemic and uncontrolled across many countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. Brazil launched its national control and eradication program in 2001, and since then, epidemiological studies have been carried out to define optimal control strategies and to enable the management of the process in each region.

HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Coinfections in Brazil in 2020: Epidemiological, Sociodemographic, and Clinical Characteristics of 36,746 Cases.

Background: This study aimed to identify COVID-19 cases among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Brazil in 2020, describe their clinical, sociodemographic, and epidemiological profiles, and evaluate the factors associated with disease severity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used secondary data obtained from the Brazilian healthcare system. Probabilistic and deterministic data linkage methods were used to identify coinfected patients.

Analysing vaccine efficacy evaluated in phase 3 clinical trials carried out during outbreaks.

In this paper we examine several definitions of vaccine efficacy (VE) that we found in the literature, for diseases that express themselves in outbreaks, that is, when the force of infection grows in time, reaches a maximum and then vanishes. The fact that the disease occurs in outbreaks results in several problems that we analyse. We propose a mathematical model that allows the calculation of VE for several scenarios.

Effects of migration rates and vaccination on the spread of yellow fever in Latin American communities.

Objective: To assess how relevant the flow of people between communities is, compared to vaccination and type of vector, on the spread and potential outbreaks of yellow fever in a disease-free host community.

Methods: Using a SEIRV-SEI model for humans and vectors, we applied numerical simulations to the scenarios: (1) migration from an endemic community to a disease-free host community, comparing the performance of and as vectors; (2) migration through a transit community located on a migratory route, where the disease is endemic, to a disease-free one; and (3) effects of different vaccination rates in the host community, considering the vaccination of migrants upon arrival.

Results: Results show no remarkable differences between scenarios 1 and 2.