Anatomy of the sellar barrier: From magnetic resonance imaging to the operating room.

Background: The sellar barrier concept concerns the correlation between the components of the pituitary fossa roof and the risk of intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak during pituitary tumor surgery. Our team previously classified the sellar barrier according to its thickness on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sections into three subtypes: strong, mixed or weak. The purpose of this study is to complement the preoperative analysis of the sellar barrier with T2-weighted MRI sections to enhance our knowledge of the anatomical configuration of the sellar barrier and its correlation with the intraoperative findings.

Geochemical data of Al-rich diopside pyroxenites from the Premosello mantle peridotite massif, Ivrea-Verbano Zone, Southern Alps.

Pyroxenites of different generations and composition are usually found within orogenic peridotite massifs and in mantle xenoliths entrained in volcanic rocks. Orogenic peridotite massifs, however, offer great advantages over xenolith studies because structural relationships which formed in the mantle before exhumation are often preserved, and crosscutting relationships between dykes of different generations and composition can be readily observed. Numerous orogenic peridotite massifs occur in the Ivrea-Verbano Zone (IVZ) in the western Southern Alps, providing petrologists, geochemists and geophysicists a natural laboratory to study and understand Earth's mantle processes and evolution.

Venom Inactivated by High Hydrostatic Pressure Enhances the Immunogenicity Response in Horses and Triggers Unexpected Cross-Reactivity with Other Snake Venoms.

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) has been used for viral inactivation to facilitate vaccine development when immunogenicity is maintained or even increased. In this work, we used HHP to inactivate venom. Our protocol promotes the loss of or decrease in many biological activities in venom.

Resident Tissue Macrophages Govern Intraocular Pressure Homeostasis.

Intraocular pressure is tightly regulated by the conventional outflow tissues, preventing ocular hypertension that leads to neurodegeneration of the optic nerve, or glaucoma. Although macrophages reside throughout the conventional outflow tract, their role in regulating intraocular pressure remains unknown. Using macrophage lineage tracing approaches, we uncovered a dual macrophage ontogeny with distinct spatial organizations across the mouse lifespan.

Improved Motor Function in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Following Spinal Cord Stimulation.

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a promising therapy for the management of spinal cord injury. Following SCS, this patient experienced a significant reduction in pain and decreased spasticity, which ultimately led to improved upper extremity function.