Proteomic analysis of endothelial cells and extracellular vesicles in response to indoxyl sulfate: Mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease.

Aims: Cardiovascular pathology is the main cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. CKD is associated with the accumulation of uremic toxins in the bloodstream, and indoxyl sulfate (IS) is one of the most abundant uremic toxins found in the blood of CKD patients. We conducted an in vitro study to assess the mechanisms underlying the IS-induced endothelial dysfunction that could lead to cardiovascular diseases.

Strategies for measuring non-evoked pain in preclinical models of neuropathic pain: Systematic review.

The development of new analgesics for neuropathic pain treatment is crucial. The failure of promising drugs in clinical trials may be related to the over-reliance on reflex-based responses (evoked pain) in preclinical drug testing, which may not fully represent clinical neuropathic pain, characterized by spontaneous non-evoked pain (NEP). Hence, strategies for assessing NEP in preclinical studies emerged.

Particulate Matter in Human Elderly: Higher Susceptibility to Cognitive Decline and Age-Related Diseases.

This review highlights the significant impact of air quality, specifically particulate matter (PM), on cognitive decline and age-related diseases in the elderly. Despite established links to other pathologies, such as respiratory and cardiovascular illnesses, there is a pressing need for increased attention to the association between air pollution and cognitive aging, given the rising prevalence of neurocognitive disorders. PM sources are from diverse origins, including industrial activities and combustion engines, categorized into PM, PM, and ultrafine PM (UFPM), and emphasized health risks from both outdoor and indoor exposure.

Plasma glycocalyx pattern: a mirror of endothelial damage in chronic kidney disease.

Background: Endothelial damage and cardiovascular disease complicate chronic kidney disease (CKD). The increased atherogenicity observed in patients with CKD can be linked to microinflammation and endothelial damage. Circulating endothelial glycocalyx degradation products, such as perlecan and decorin, tend to be elevated in CKD.