Association of the Cervical Canal Area With Disability and Progression in People With Multiple Sclerosis.

Background And Objectives: In multiple sclerosis (MS), brain reserve serves as a protective factor against cognitive impairment. Previous research has suggested a structural counterpart in the spine-spinal cord reserve-seemed to be associated with physical disability. This study aimed to investigate the potential of the cervical canal area (CCaA) as a proxy for spinal cord reserve in a multicentric cohort of people with MS (PwMS).

P-glycoproteins in anthelmintic safety, efficacy, and resistance.

P-glycoprotein (PGP) is a pivotal transmembrane transporter governing the cellular flux of diverse substances shielding mammals from toxics. It can thwart the effectiveness of medicines such as ivermectin (IVM) and other macrocyclic lactone (ML) anthelmintics, undermining therapeutic efforts. We analyze the role of PGPs in limiting the toxicity of these drugs in hosts, and their potential contribution to anthelmintic resistance in nematodes.

Trans-Synaptic Degeneration in the Visual Pathway in Patients With Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.

Background And Objectives: We aimed to assess the presence of retinal neurodegeneration independent of optic neuritis (ON) in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) and to investigate the development of trans-synaptic anterograde degeneration in these patients after ON.

Methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective study of 34 adult patients with MOGAD and 23 healthy controls (HC). Clinical, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and MRI data were collected.

Optic chiasm manual and automated measurements in sub-acute optic neuritis with OCT and MRI correlations.

Purpose: The optic chiasm (OC) is a central structure in the visual pathway and can be visualized in conventional MRI, but no consensus regarding its measurement has been defined. We aim to investigate the most reproducible manual approach to OC measurement and to explore associations of OC with optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters, and automatic brain segmentation (FreeSurfer) in subacute optic neuritis (sON), multiple sclerosis without optic neuritis (MSwoON), and healthy subjects (HS).

Materials And Methods: We reproduced two previously reported methodologies and implemented a new proposed simplified approach, entitled optic chiasm mean area (OCMA).

Global and Regional Deep Learning Models for Multiple Sclerosis Stratification From MRI.

Background: The combination of anatomical MRI and deep learning-based methods such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is a promising strategy to build predictive models of multiple sclerosis (MS) prognosis. However, studies assessing the effect of different input strategies on model's performance are lacking.

Purpose: To compare whole-brain input sampling strategies and regional/specific-tissue strategies, which focus on a priori known relevant areas for disability accrual, to stratify MS patients based on their disability level.