Detection of dynamic lung hyperinflation using cardiopulmonary exercise testing and respiratory function in patients with stable cardiac disease: a multicenter, cross-sectional study.

Background: Many patients with heart disease potentially have comorbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, there are not enough opportunities for screening, and the qualitative differentiation of shortness of breath (SOB) has not been well established. We investigated the detection rate of SOB based on a visual and qualitative dynamic lung hyperinflation (DLH) detection index during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and assessed potential differences in respiratory function between groups.

Methods: We recruited 534 patients with heart disease or patients who underwent simultaneous CPET and spirometry (369 males, 67.

Partial Pressure of End-Tidal Oxygen and Blood Lactate During Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Healthy Older Participants and Patients at Risk of Cardiac Disease.

Background: The partial pressure of end-tidal oxygen (PETO) and end-tidal oxygen concentration (ETO) are among the indices that can be measured by exhaled gas analysis. Several observational studies have shown that skeletal muscle function is impaired in patients with cardiac disease; thus, the assessment of skeletal muscle function is important. Additionally, although it has recently been suggested that the difference in PETO from rest to the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) reflects oxygen availability in peripheral factors, primarily skeletal muscle, the evidence for this is not well established.

The concept of detection of dynamic lung hyperinflation using cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Dynamic lung hyperinflation (DLH) caused by air trapping, which increases residual air volume, is a common cause of shortness of breath on exertion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DLH is commonly evaluated by measuring the decrease in maximal inspiratory volume during exercise, or using the hyperventilation method. However, only few facilities perform these methods, and testing opportunities are limited.

Prolonged mean response time in older adults with cardiovascular risk compared to healthy older adults.

Background: During incremental exercise (Inc-Ex), the mean response time (MRT) of oxygen uptake (V̇O) represents the time delay before changes in muscle V̇O reflect at the mouth level. MRT calculation by linear regression or monoexponential (τ') fitting of V̇O data are known to be highly variable, and a combination of incremental and constant load exercise (CL-Ex) is more reproducible.

Methods: We evaluated MRT in older adults using linear regression and combination methods.

The Ratio of Oxygen Uptake From Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold to Respiratory Compensation Point Is Maintained During Incremental Exercise in Older Adults.

Introduction: The period from ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) to respiratory compensation point (RCP) during incremental exercise (isocapnic buffering phase) has been associated with exercise tolerance and skeletal muscle composition. However, several reports compare younger and older healthy adults, and specific age-related changes are unclear. This study aimed to examine the oxygen uptake (VO) from VAT to RCP and its change over time in younger and older healthy adults.