Fibroblast-Mediated Immunoregulation of Macrophage Function Is Maintained after Irradiation.

The abilities of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) to regulate immune responses in the context of radiotherapy remain largely unknown. This study was undertaken to determine whether ionizing radiation alters the CAF-mediated immunoregulatory effects on macrophages. CAFs were isolated from freshly-resected non-small cell lung cancer tumors, while monocyte-derived macrophages were prepared from peripheral blood of healthy donors.

Anti-Inflammatory Chemical Profiling of the Australian Rainforest Tree Alphitonia petriei (Rhamnaceae).

Chronic inflammation is an important pathological condition in many human diseases, and due to the side effects of the currently used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, discovery of novel anti-inflammatory drugs is of general interest. Anti-inflammatory activity guided compound isolation from the plant led to the isolation of the known plant sterols emmolic acid (), alphitolic acid (), and -coumaroyl esters of alphitolic acid ( and ) and betulinic acid (). A detailed spectroscopic analysis led to the structure elucidation of the alphitolic acid derivatives (-), and the semi-synthetic emmolic acid acetate ().

Combined aerobic exercise and enzyme replacement therapy rejuvenates the mitochondrial-lysosomal axis and alleviates autophagic blockage in Pompe disease.

A unifying feature in the pathogenesis of aging, neurodegenerative disease, and lysosomal storage disorders is the progressive deposition of macromolecular debris impervious to enzyme catalysis by cellular waste disposal mechanisms (e.g., lipofuscin).

Open reduction and plate fixation versus nonoperative treatment for displaced midshaft clavicular fractures: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: There is a growing trend to treat displaced midshaft clavicular fractures with primary open reduction and plate fixation; whether such treatment results in improved patient outcomes is debatable. The aim of this multicenter, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial was to compare union rates, functional outcomes, and economic costs for displaced midshaft clavicular fractures that were treated with either primary open reduction and plate fixation or nonoperative treatment.

Methods: In a prospective, multicenter, stratified, randomized controlled trial, 200 patients between sixteen and sixty years of age who had an acute displaced midshaft clavicular fracture were randomized to receive either primary open reduction and plate fixation or nonoperative treatment.

Sinonasal T-Cell lymphomas: A clinicopathologic study of a possibly distinct entity.

Background: Most cases of sinonasal lymphomas reported in the literature which show positive expression for Epstein-Barr virus are CD2+, CD3-, CD43+ and CD56+, and also show a germ-line T-cell receptor genotype. Five-year survival is usually around 50%. We report a group of patients with T-cell sinonasal lymphoma that showed distinct immunophenotypic and molecular profiles and a more aggressive behavior.