Routine pulmonary lung function tests: Interpretative strategies and challenges.

The diagnosis and management of common chronic respiratory diseases depend on various parameters obtained from pulmonary function tests (PFTs), such as spirometry, plethysmography, and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO). These tests are interpreted following guidelines established by reputable scientific societies like the European Respiratory Society and the American Thoracic Society (ERS/ATS). This review aimed to offer a comprehensive framework for interpreting PFTs, incorporating the latest ERS/ATS update (i.

Antibiotic-Induced Hiccups: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review.

Hiccups, also called hiccoughs, are sudden, involuntary and rapid expulsion of air from the lungs with synchronous closure of the glottis causing blockade of the air flow. Hiccups may be induced by a multitude of etiologies such as central nervous disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular disorders, psychogenic factors, and metabolic disorders. Hiccups induced by medications are rare.