Anti-PD-1 Autoantibody Predicts Survival of Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab.

Background And Aims: Methods for predicting therapeutic response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy are in high demand. In patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), atezolizumab (anti-programmed cell death-ligand 1 [PD-L1]) and bevacizumab (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor) combination therapy (Atezo/Bev therapy) is a first-line treatment. However, no reliable biomarkers are currently available to predict its efficacy.

Transmission-blocking activities of artesunate, chloroquine, and methylene blue on gametocytes.

is now the main cause of malaria outside Africa. The gametocytocidal effects of antimalarial drugs are important to reduce malaria transmissibility, particularly in low-transmission settings, but they are not well characterized for . The transmission-blocking effects of chloroquine, artesunate, and methylene blue on gametocytes were assessed.

Blockade of SIRPα-CD47 axis by anti-SIRPα antibody enhances anti-tumor activity of DXd antibody-drug conjugates.

Signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is an immune inhibitory receptor on myeloid cells including macrophages and dendritic cells, which binds to CD47, a ubiquitous self-associated molecule. SIRPα-CD47 interaction is exploited by cancer cells to suppress anti-tumor activity of myeloid cells, therefore emerging as a novel immune checkpoint for cancer immunotherapy. In blood cancer, several SIRPα-CD47 blockers have shown encouraging monotherapy activity.

Discovery of an Anteriorly Deviated, Partially Ossified Xiphoid Process With a Large, Teardrop-Shaped Foramen in a Male Cadaver.

The sternum, or "breastbone," is a principal bony component of the anterior thoracic wall and comprises the manubrium of the sternum, the body of the sternum, and the xiphoid process. The xiphoid process is the most inferior of these elements and commonly presents as a small, solid bone shaped like an inverted triangle. However, clinical literature has reported numerous variations in its size, shape, and presentation, likely the result of its lengthy embryological development from cartilage into fully ossified bone.

Impact of Nutritional Status on Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Efficacy and Adverse Events of Immune Check-Point Inhibitors.

The neutrophil -to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is useful for predicting the effectiveness of treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Because a growing body of evidence has recently shown that the number of lymphocytes that comprise NLR fluctuates according to nutritional status, this study examined whether the usefulness of NLR varies in ICI treatment due to changes in nutritional status. A retrospective analysis was performed on 1234 patients who received ICI treatment for malignant tumors at our hospital.