Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Prodromal stage of Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) is characterized by a set of symptoms that do not yet meet the criteria for dementia. These symptoms are caused by changes in the brain that have not yet reached the threshold for triggering the disease in its complete form. Identifying the prodromal stage of neurodegenerative diseases is crucial for early treatment and prevention of progression to a clinical stage.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is known to cause cognitive and behavioral problems, especially in executive-attentional areas. For some patients, medication is not effective, and surgery is considered a treatment option. However, changes in mood and cognition have been reported after surgical intervention in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or the internal globus pallidus (GPi), but the literature is inconsistent.

An inflammatory state defines a high-risk T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia subgroup.

T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an aggressive cancer comprising diverse subtypes that are challenging to stratify using conventional immunophenotyping. To gain insights into subset-specific therapeutic vulnerabilities, we performed an integrative multiomics analysis of bone marrow samples from newly diagnosed T cell ALL, early T cell precursor ALL, and T/myeloid mixed phenotype acute leukemia. Leveraging cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes in conjunction with T cell receptor sequencing, we identified a subset of patient samples characterized by activation of inflammatory and stem gene programs.

First-line pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and high PD-L1 expression: real-world data from a Spanish multicenter study.

Introduction: Pembrolizumab stands as a first-line option for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and high programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression (PD-L1 ≥50%). Several factors such as antibiotic exposure, low body mass index (BMI), certain metastatic location or poor performance status may influence outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis in a cohort of patients with advanced high PD-L1 expression NSCLC treated with first-line pembrolizumab in clinical practice.

Haemodynamic measurements during hip hemiarthroplasty surgery for hip fracture.

Aims: There is compelling evidence for the use of cemented hip hemiarthroplasty for displaced intracapsular hip fractures; however, the risks of cement are well reported and in rare cases may be associated with haemodynamic collapse. It is therefore important to improve our understanding of haemodynamic instability, intraoperative monitoring, and strategies to reduce the risk to patients.

Methods: We measured arterial blood pressure using the LiDCO Continuous Non-invasive Arterial Pressure (CNAP) finger cuff during surgery in patients enrolled in the WHiTE 5 trial randomized to cemented or modern uncemented hip hemiarthroplasty at a single recruiting site.