C2-Linked Arabinose-Functionalized Polystyrene Microbeads Selectively Target .

Carbohydrates play pivotal roles in the first stages of microbial infections and can be exploited as decoys to hijack the interactions between bacteria and the host cell. Multivalent glycan probes mimicking the natural presentation of glycans in living cells have been successfully employed to study fundamental carbohydrate/protein interactions in microbial systems; however, most pathogenic glycan receptors exhibit a shared specificity for commonly found sugars present in both healthy and pathogenic cells, posing a challenge for target selectivity. In this study, we report the synthesis of a small library of d-arabinose multivalent probes, a sugar absent in human physiology, and their evaluation in a bacteria agglutination assay using cluster analysis.

Microfluidics-Based Ionic Catch and Release Oligosaccharide Synthesis (ICROS-Microflow) to Expedite Glycosylation Chemistry.

A continuous microfluidic glycosylation strategy that requires no chromatography between steps and significantly expedites glycosylation chemistry is described. This practical approach incorporates the advantages of imidazolium-based chromatography-free purification and in situ mass spectrometry reaction monitoring to achieve fast reaction optimization and shorter reaction times. We demonstrate the utility of this strategy in the synthesis of a series of glycoside targets, including an α-(1,6)-trimannoside and a branched Man oligomannoside, within 1 day.

How Spiteful Are We? Validation of the Spitefulness Scale in Spaniards.

Spitefulness has been defined as the willingness to cause some kind of harm to other people, even if this action does not bring any benefit and causes harm to herself. Given its relationship with a multitude of antisocial behaviors, interest in studying this trait has been growing and it was in 2014 when the first scale to measure it was validated: the Spitefulness Scale. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of its Spanish version.