Diagnosis and treatment of a congenital cervical tracheal diverticulum in an Arabian foal.

Tracheal congenital defects are infrequent but serious findings in animals. Tracheal diverticula are congenital air-filled cystic lesions, a sub-type of paratracheal air cyst mainly found extra-thoracically in foals. We describe a case in a twelve-day old show Arabian colt with right sided unilateral cervical swelling since birth.

[Neonatal Malnutrition Impacts Fibroblast Growth Factor 21-induced Neurite Outgrowth and Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone Secretion in Neonatal Mouse Brain].

Neonatal malnutrition has been suggested as a factor contributing to neurological and other disorders. However, the details of this mechanism remain unclear. We focused on fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), an endocrine factor produced in the liver during lactation-the main source of nutrition during the neonatal period- and analyzed its role in the brain.

Assessing HIV trends among blood donors in five Brazilian blood centers: The impact of individual donor assessment.

Background: In many countries, including Brazil, time-based blood donation deferral policies for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) have been replaced by individual donor assessment (IDA). We examined HIV prevalence and incidence among first-time (FTD) and repeat donors (RD), comparing data from ~3.5 years before and after the IDA policy implementation in 2020.

[A Case of Unresectable Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer in Which Chemoradiotherapy Achieved Pathological Complete Response].

A 62-year-old man was diagnosed with unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer and was treated with mFOLFIRINOX for 9 months. Despite the tumor remarkable shrinkage, the contact with the nerve plexus around the SMA was not diminished. After confirming no distant metastasis with staging laparoscopy, radiotherapy with S-1 was performed.

Addressing under-registration in Chagas disease mortality: insights from the SaMi-Trop and REDS cohorts.

Chagas disease (ChD) remains a significant public health concern in the Americas, with challenges to accurately assessing its mortality burden due to under-reporting and misclassification. This study aimed to analyze mortality patterns of two cohorts of individuals with ChD-one comprising asymptomatic individuals with positive serology (REDS) and another with patients showing Chagas cardiomyopathy (SaMi-Trop)-to propose a method for estimating the potential under-registration of Chagas-related deaths and to find the factors influencing the identification of ChD as the underlying cause of death. We carried out a retrospective analysis of mortality data from these cohorts together with data on the Brazilian Mortality Information System.