Dengue haemorrhagic fever and Japanese B encephalitis in Indonesia.

Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) was first recognized in Indonesia in the cities of Jakarta and Surabaya in 1968, 15 years after its recognition in the Philippines. During the 1968 outbreak, a total of 58 clinical cases with 24 deaths were reported. The number of reported cases since then has increased sharply, with the highest number of cases recorded in the years 1973 (10,189 cases), 1983 (13,668 cases), and 1985 (13,588 cases).

Protection against marked plasma leakage in dengue haemorrhagic fever by infusion of carbazochrome sodium sulfonate (AC-17).

Patients diagnosed clinically as having grade II dengue haemorrhagic fever, and confirmed serologically to have been recently infected by dengue virus were randomly assigned to two groups, to assess suppression of plasma leakage by intravenous administration of carbazochrome sodium sulfonate(AC-17). The double-blind prospective study over three successive epidemic periods included 39 patients in the placebo group, and 38 in the AC-17 group. The effects of the administration were evaluated with respect to pleural effusion of the chest X-ray films.