Embracing native diversity to enhance the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II in maize.

The sustainability of maize cultivation would benefit tremendously from early sowing, but is hampered by low temperatures during early development in temperate climates. We show that allelic variation within the gene encoding subunit M of the NADH-dehydrogenase-like (NDH) complex (ndhm1) in a European maize landrace affects several quantitative traits that are relevant during early development in cold climates through NDH-mediated cyclic electron transport (CET) around photosystem I, a process crucial for photosynthesis and photoprotection. Beginning with a genome-wide association study for maximum potential quantum yield of photosystem II in dark-adapted leaves (Fv/Fm), we capitalized on the large phenotypic effects of a hAT transposon insertion in ndhm1 on multiple quantitative traits (early plant height, Fv/Fm, chlorophyll content, and cold tolerance) caused by the reduced protein levels of NDHM and associated NDH components.

Real-world Evidence for Enfortumab Vedotin in Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Cancer: An Austrian Multicentre Study.

Aim: Enfortumab vedotin (EV) represents a novel treatment for patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC) refractory to platinum-based chemotherapy and PD(L)-1 containing therapies. Real-world data are crucial for informing health policy decisions and validating clinical trial findings.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre, retrospective real-world analysis comprising 128 patients with la/mUC from 16 Austrian centres treated with EV from April 2022 to April 2024, presenting the second largest real-world cohort to date.

Urinary Metal Levels, Cognitive Test Performance, and Dementia in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Importance: Metals are established neurotoxicants, but evidence of their association with cognitive performance at low chronic exposure levels is limited.

Objective: To investigate the association of urinary metal levels, individually and as a mixture, with cognitive tests and dementia diagnosis, including effect modification by apolipoprotein ε4 allele (APOE4).

Design, Setting, And Participants: The multicenter prospective cohort Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) was started from July 2000 to August 2002, with follow-up through 2018.

Electrophysiological predictors of susceptible atrial substrate for the onset and recurrence of atrial fibrillation.

Background: The atrial electroanatomic substrate is an essential component in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the electrophysiological markers of susceptible atria for AF are not well-characterized. This study aimed to assess atrial conduction indices on surface electrocardiogram (ECG) and intracardiac electrogram (EGM) as predictors of initiation and recurrence of AF after successful ablation.

enhances HS production in .

Sulfate- and sulfite-reducing bacteria (SRB) are a group of strict anaerobes found within the human gut. , a sulfite-reducing bacterium which produces hydrogen sulfide (HS) from taurine and isethionate respiration, is a common member of the healthy commensal human gut microbiota but has been implicated in several disease states including inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. , one of the most prominent gut bacteria, has sulfatases which release sulfate, serving as a potential substrate for sulfate-reducing bacteria.