Decreasing hepatitis B seroprevalence in pregnant women in Taiwan between 2016 and 2021: a claim-based cohort study.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) seroprevalence was high before the national vaccine policy was introduced in Taiwan, indicating significant HBV infection rates. The success of the HBV immunization program and other preventive measures likely led to decreased HBsAg prevalence among pregnant women. This study reports on the HBV seroprevalence among pregnant women in Taiwan from 2016 to 2021, including those potentially affected by the universal hepatitis B vaccination at birth.

Degradation of AFB in edible oil by aptamer-modified TiO composite photocatalytic materials: Selective efficiency, degradation mechanism and toxicity.

Most of the excessive aflatoxins in peanut oil are present at lower levels, and few photocatalysts have been reported for degrading low concentrations of aflatoxin B (AFB). This study employed aptamer-modified magnetic graphene oxide/titanium dioxide (MGO/TiO-aptamer) photocatalysts to degrade low concentrations of AFB in peanut oil, thoroughly investigating their selective efficiency, degradation mechanism, and product toxicity. The results indicated that the modification of aptamers on the surface of photocatalytic materials can enhance the selectivity of photocatalysts for AFB in peanut oil.

The landscape of primary mismatch repair deficient gliomas in children, adolescents, and young adults: a multi-cohort study.

Background: Gliomas are a major cause of cancer-related death among children, adolescents, and young adults (age 0-40 years). Primary mismatch repair deficiency (MMRD) is a pan-cancer mechanism with unique biology and therapeutic opportunities. We aimed to determine the extent and impact of primary MMRD in gliomas among children, adolescents, and young adults.

Factors influencing the decision to receive total knee replacement among patients with severe knee osteoarthritis under universal health insurance coverage.

This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the decision of patients with severe knee osteoarthritis, who are covered by universal health insurance, to undergo total knee replacement (TKR) surgery, as recommended by orthopedic physicians. A questionnaire survey was used to collect participants' demographics, socio-economic status, medical history, baseline Oxford Knee Score (OKS), and EuroQol-5 Dimension Questionnaire (EQ-5D). We included 704 patients with severe knee osteoarthritis, of which 487 underwent TKR (surgery group), while 217 did not (non-surgery group).