Quantitative proteomics and phosphoproteomics profiling of meiotic divisions in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

In eukaryotes, chromosomal DNA is equally distributed to daughter cells during mitosis, whereas the number of chromosomes is halved during meiosis. Despite considerable progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate mitosis, there is currently a lack of complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating meiosis. Here, we took advantage of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, for which highly synchronous meiosis can be induced, and performed quantitative proteomics and phosphoproteomics analyses to track changes in protein expression and phosphorylation during meiotic divisions.

Regulation of Pre-mRNA Splicing: Indispensable Role of Post-Translational Modifications of Splicing Factors.

Pre-mRNA splicing is a process used by eukaryotic cells to generate messenger RNAs that can be translated into proteins. During splicing, the non-coding regions of the RNAs (introns) are removed from pre-mRNAs and the coding regions (exons) are joined together, resulting in mature mRNAs. The particular steps of splicing are executed by the multimegadalton complex called a spliceosome.

Defining the Functional Interactome of Spliceosome-Associated G-Patch Protein Gpl1 in the Fission Yeast .

Pre-mRNA splicing plays a fundamental role in securing protein diversity by generating multiple transcript isoforms from a single gene. Recently, it has been shown that specific G-patch domain-containing proteins are critical cofactors involved in the regulation of splicing processes. In this study, using the knock-out strategy, affinity purification and the yeast-two-hybrid assay, we demonstrated that the spliceosome-associated G-patch protein Gpl1 of the fission yeast mediates interactions between putative RNA helicase Gih35 (SPAC20H4.

The Interplay of Cohesin and RNA Processing Factors: The Impact of Their Alterations on Genome Stability.

Cohesin, a multi-subunit protein complex, plays important roles in sister chromatid cohesion, DNA replication, chromatin organization, gene expression, transcription regulation, and the recombination or repair of DNA damage. Recently, several studies suggested that the functions of cohesin rely not only on cohesin-related protein-protein interactions, their post-translational modifications or specific DNA modifications, but that some RNA processing factors also play an important role in the regulation of cohesin functions. Therefore, the mutations and changes in the expression of cohesin subunits or alterations in the interactions between cohesin and RNA processing factors have been shown to have an impact on cohesion, the fidelity of chromosome segregation and, ultimately, on genome stability.

Differences in surface chemistry of iron oxide nanoparticles result in different routes of internalization.

The efficient entry of nanotechnology-based pharmaceuticals into target cells is highly desired to reach high therapeutic efficiency while minimizing the side effects. Despite intensive research, the impact of the surface coating on the mechanism of nanoparticle uptake is not sufficiently understood yet. Herein, we present a mechanistic study of cellular internalization pathways of two magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) differing in surface chemistry into A549 cells.