Mother-to-child Chagas disease transmission: The challenge of detection and prevention in areas without the risk of vectorial transmission.

Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Although it is endemic in many Latin American (LA) countries, mother-to-child transmission has caused it to expand to other countries and continents. In places where vector transmission is controlled or absent, the epidemiological importance of T.

The Spanish Scientific Societies before the ESC 2021 guidelines on vascular disease prevention: Generalizing the measurement of albuminuria to identify vascular risk and prevent vascular disease.

The 2021 guidelines on the prevention of vascular disease (VD) in clinical practice published by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and supported by 13 other European scientific societies recognize the key role of screening for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the prevention of VD. Vascular risk in CKD is categorized based on measurements of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR). Thus, moderate CKD is associated with a high vascular risk and severe CKD with a very high vascular risk requiring therapeutic action, and there is no need to apply other vascular risk scores when vascular risk is already very high due to CKD.

Efficacy and safety of ossein-hydroxyapatite complex versus calcium carbonate to prevent bone loss.

This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of ossein-hydroxyapatite complex (OHC) versus calcium carbonate (CC) for preventing bone loss during perimenopause in current clinical practice. The prospective, comparative, non-randomized, open-label study included 851 perimenopausal women with basal bone mineral density (BMD) -score ≥-2 standard deviations (SDs). Participants received either OHC (712 mg calcium/day) or CC (1000 mg calcium/day) over 3 years.