Prognostic value of N-Acetylglucosaminidase and Kidney-injury-molecule-1 in TAVI patients with severe aortic stenosis.

Aim: Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is common in severe aortic stenosis (AS). Previous studies revealed N-Acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and Kidney-injury-molecule-1 (KIM-1) as potential markers for CRS. The study aimed to investigate the prognostic capability of NAG, KIM-1, NT-proBNP in severe AS before TAVI.

Butterfly eggs prime anti-herbivore defense in an annual but not perennial Arabidopsis species.

Unlike Arabidopsis thaliana, defenses of Arabidopsis lyrata against Pieris brassicae larval feeding are not primable by P. brassicae eggs. Thus, egg primability of plant anti-herbivore defenses is not phylogenetically conserved in the genus Arabidopsis.

Sawfly Sex Pheromones: Analysis of Their Impact on Pine Odor Attractive to Egg Parasitoids.

Pinus sylvestris trees are known to efficiently defend themselves against eggs of the herbivorous sawfly Diprion pini. Their direct defense against eggs is primable by prior exposure to the sex pheromones of this species and their indirect defense involves attraction of egg parasitoids by egg-induced pine needle odor. But it is unknown whether exposure of pine to D.

Pine Response to Sawfly Pheromones: Effects on Sawfly's Oviposition and Larval Growth.

Insect pheromones have been intensively studied with respect to their role in insect communication. However, scarce knowledge is available on the impact of pheromones on plant responses, and how these in turn affect herbivorous insects. A previous study showed that exposure of pine () to the sex pheromones of the pine sawfly results in enhanced defenses against the eggs of this sawfly; the egg survival rate on pheromone-exposed pine needles was lower than that on unexposed pine.