Multiple wavelength (365-475 nm) complete actinometric characterization of Corning Lab Photo Reactor using azobenzene as a highly soluble, cheap and robust chemical actinometer.

The characterization of commercially available Corning Lab Photo Reactor by actinometry at different wavelengths (365, 385, 405 and 475 nm) using azobenzene E ↔ Z photoisomerization is reported. By comparison with photon fluxes determined externally using a radiometer, this method based on NMR spectroscopy is rapid, cheap, robust, reproducible and can applied to UVA-visible range, compared to previously described chemical actinometric protocols. Recalculation of isatin N-phenylhydrazone isomerization quantum yield at 405 nm gave almost the same value as the literature data ([Formula: see text] = 0.

Electrochemical sulfonylation of imidazoheterocycles under batch and continuous flow conditions.

An efficient and versatile protocol for the C-H sulfonylation of imidazoheterocycles electrochemical activation was established under batch and flow conditions. The selective C-H bond functionalization proceeded under catalyst- and oxidant-free conditions and tolerated a wide range of functional groups. Various sodium sulfinates as well as imidazo[1,2-]-pyridines, -pyrimidine, -quinolines, and -isoquinolines, imidazo[1,2-]pyridazine, imidazo[2,1-]thiazoles and benzo[]imidazo[1,2-]thiazoles reacted successfully.

Roles of Hydration for Inducing Decomposition of 2-Deoxy-d-ribose by Ionization of Oxygen K-Shell Electrons.

To experimentally investigate the role of hydration in the initial process of the decomposition of 2-deoxy-d-ribose (dR), which is a major component of the DNA backbone, we used mass spectrometry to monitor the ions desorbing from hydrated dR films exposed to monochromatic soft X rays (560 eV). The X-ray photons preferentially ionize the K-shell electrons of the oxygen atoms in DNA. Hydrated dR samples were prepared under vacuum by exposing a cooled (∼150 K) dR film deposited on a Si substrate to water vapor.

Oxidative Neutralization of Mustard-Gas Simulants in an On-Board Flow Device with In-Line NMR Monitoring.

The fast and effective neutralization of the mustard-gas simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) using a simple and portable continuous flow device is reported. Neutralization takes place through a fully selective sulfoxidation by a stable source of hydrogen peroxide (alcoholic solution of urea-H O adduct/MeSO H freshly prepared). The reaction progress can be monitored with an in-line benchtop NMR spectrometer, allowing a real-time adjustment of reaction conditions.