Use of different types of dilator systems in the prevention of complications of percutaneous (PC) renal surgery.

The authors deal with the causes of frequent complications observed in 1300 PCN performed. The retrospective study focuses on haemorrhagic and perforative complications. Relation between the type of the applied dilator system and the frequency of complications was observed.

Evaluation of 1000 percutaneous nephrostomies with a special view to efficiency and complications.

The authors summarize the experience gained with 100 percutaneous nephrostomies including the evaluation of the efficiency of the applied technique, complications and the possibilities to decrease the number of complications in 900 nephrolithotomies. Discussing efficiency, they stress the importance of appropriate indication, to which low failure rate (3%) is attributed. In the prevention of complications accessories are of importance.

Endoscopic diagnosis and therapy of urothelial tumours of the upper urinary tract (an analyses of our own cases with literary review).

The authors review the importance of ureteropyeloscopy and nephroscopy in the diagnostics and endoscopic treatment of urothelial tumours of the upper urinary tract, in view of their two-year experience and discuss indications and technical difficulties compared to those described in the literature. Practice is demonstrated with the description of two cases. Follow-up and care-tactics are detailedly described.