Visual explanations for polyp detection: How medical doctors assess intrinsic versus extrinsic explanations.

Deep learning has achieved immense success in computer vision and has the potential to help physicians analyze visual content for disease and other abnormalities. However, the current state of deep learning is very much a black box, making medical professionals skeptical about integrating these methods into clinical practice. Several methods have been proposed to shed some light on these black boxes, but there is no consensus on the opinion of medical doctors that will consume these explanations.

On evaluation metrics for medical applications of artificial intelligence.

Clinicians and software developers need to understand how proposed machine learning (ML) models could improve patient care. No single metric captures all the desirable properties of a model, which is why several metrics are typically reported to summarize a model's performance. Unfortunately, these measures are not easily understandable by many clinicians.

[Improvement of tumoral calcinosis of the right hand after parathyroidectomy in a patient on chronic hemodialysis].

Periarticular tissue calcifications are common in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. We report the case of a patient on chronic hemodialysis for 10 years with significant improvement of isolated pseudotumoral calcinosis of the right hand after parathyroidectomy The aim of this study was to show the impact of parathyroidectomy on pseudotumoral calcinosis.

Geographical variations in adult body size and reproductive life history traits in an invasive anuran, Discoglossus pictus.

Variability in life history traits positively affects the establishment and expansive potential of invasive species. In the present study, we analysed the variation of body size in seven populations - two native and five invasive - of the painted frog (Discoglossus pictus, Anura: Discoglossidae), native to North Africa and introduced in southern France and the north-east of the Iberian Peninsula. Other life history traits (age at maturity, size at maturity, longevity, median age and potential reproductive lifespan) were analysed in a native and an invasive population.

[Study of tuberculosis in health care workers in the public sector of Morocco].

Setting: Tuberculosis is one of the most important causes of disease in Morocco, with an annual incidence of 100 cases per 100,000 population. There is a permanent risk of tuberculosis for health care workers in contact with bacillary positive tuberculosis patients.

Objective: To evaluate the risk and incidence of tuberculosis in health care workers and to study its distribution by cohort analysis.