Linear field-resolved spectroscopy approaching ultimate detection sensitivity.

Electric-field oscillations are now experimentally accessible in the THz-to-PHz frequency range. Their measurement delivers the most comprehensive information content attainable by optical spectroscopy - if performed with high sensitivity. Yet, the trade-off between bandwidth and efficiency associated with the nonlinear mixing necessary for field sampling has so far strongly restricted sensitivity in applications such as field-resolved spectroscopy of molecular vibrations.

MUTUAL: Towards Holistic Sensing and Inference in the Operating Room.

Embodied AI (E-AI) in the form of intelligent surgical robotics and other agents is calling for data platforms to facilitate its development and deployment. In this work, we present a cross-platform multimodal data recording and streaming software, MUTUAL, successfully deployed on two clinical studies, along with its ROS 2 distributed adaptation, MUTUAL-ROS 2. We describe and compare the two implementations of MUTUAL through their recording performance under different settings.

Copper-Induced Transgenerational Plasticity in Plant Defence Boosts Aphid Fitness.

Transgenerational plasticity in plants is an increasingly recognized phenomenon, yet it is mostly unclear whether transgenerational plasticity is relevant to both the fitness of the plant and its interacting species. Using monoclonal strains of the giant duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) and its native herbivore, the waterlily aphid (Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae), we assessed whether pre-treating plants with copper excess, both indoors and outdoors, induces transgenerational plasticity in plant defences that alter plant and herbivore fitness. Outdoors, copper pre-treatment tended to increase plant growth rates under recurring copper excess.

Low agreement and frequent invalid controls in two SARS-CoV-2 T-cell assays in people with compromised immune function.

T-cell response plays an important role in SARS-CoV-2 immunogenicity. For people living with HIV (PWH) and solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients there is limited evidence on the reliability of commercially available T-cell tests. We assessed 173 blood samples from 81 participants (62 samples from 35 PWH; 111 samples from 46 SOT recipients [lung and kidney]) with two commercial SARS-CoV-2 Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) release assays (IGRA; SARS-CoV-2 IGRA by Euroimmun, and IGRA SARS-CoV-2 by Roche).

Herbivory can increase plant fitness via reduced interspecific competition-evidence from models and mesocosms.

Herbivores are generally considered to reduce plant fitness. However, as in natural communities they often feed on several competing plant species, herbivores can also increase plant fitness by reducing interspecific competition among plants. In this study, we developed a testable model to predict plant fitness in the presence of an interspecific competitor and a herbivore that feeds on both plant species.