Subcutaneous infliximab in Crohn's disease patients with previous immunogenic failure of intravenous infliximab.

Purpose: Immunogenicity is a major reason for secondary loss of response to infliximab (IFX). Recent work suggested potentially lower immunogenicity of subcutaneous (SC) compared to intravenous (IV) IFX. However, it is unknown whether re-exposure to IFX SC after secondary loss of response and immunogenicity to its intravenous formulation is safe and effective.

Arbitration between model-free and model-based control is not affected by transient changes in tonic serotonin levels.

Background: Serotonin has been suggested to modulate decision-making by influencing the arbitration between model-based and model-free control. Disruptions in these control mechanisms are involved in mental disorders such as drug dependence or obsessive-compulsive disorder. While previous reports indicate that lower brain serotonin levels reduce model-based control, it remains unknown whether increases in serotonergic availability might thus increase model-based control.

Demographic and Clinical Correlates of Mucosal Disaccharidase Deficiencies in Children With Functional Dyspepsia.

Background: A subset of children with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), which includes functional dyspepsia, may have duodenal disaccharidase deficiencies.

Objectives: To determine the frequency, demographics, and clinical characteristics associated with duodenal disaccharidase deficiencies in children with functional dyspepsia.

Methods: Children ages 4 to 18 years undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) evaluation for dyspepsia were enrolled in either a retrospective (study 1) or prospective (study 2) evaluation.

Houston Consensus Conference on Testing for Helicobacter pylori Infection in the United States.

Despite guidelines for detection and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, recommendations to test patients before and after therapy are commonly not followed in the United States. At the Houston Consensus Conference, 11 experts on management of adult and pediatric patients with H pylori, from different geographic regions of the United States, met to discuss key factors in diagnosis of H pylori infection, including identification of appropriate patients for testing, effects of antibiotic susceptibility on testing and treatment, appropriate methods for confirmation of infection and eradication, and relevant health system considerations. The experts divided into groups that used a modified Delphi panel approach to assess appropriate patients for testing, testing for antibiotic susceptibility and treatment, and test methods and confirmation of eradication.

The Spectrum of Histologic Findings in Hepatic Outflow Obstruction.

Context: -Cardiac hepatopathy and Budd-Chiari syndrome are 2 forms of hepatic venous outflow obstruction with different pathophysiology but overlapping histologic findings, including sinusoidal dilation and centrilobular necrosis.

Objective: -To determine whether a constellation of morphologic findings could help distinguish between the 2 and could suggest the diagnoses in previously undiagnosed patients.

Design: -We identified 26 specimens with a diagnosis of cardiac hepatopathy and 23 with a diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome.