Publications by authors named "M A Gales"
Introduction: Understanding sex and gender differences during outbreaks is critical to delivering an effective response. Although recommendations and minimum requirements exist, the incorporation of sex-disaggregated data and gender analysis into outbreak analytics and response for informed decision-making remains infrequent. A scoping review was conducted to provide an overview of the extent of sex-disaggregated data and gender analysis in outbreak response within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe detection of heart disease using a stethoscope requires significant skill and time, making it expensive and impractical for widespread screening in low-resource environments. Machine learning analysis of heart sound recordings can improve upon the accessibility and accuracy of diagnoses, but existing approaches require further validation on larger and more representative clinical datasets. For many previous algorithms, segmenting the signal into its individual sound components is a key first step.
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- This paper investigates how uncertainty quantification (UQ) can help assess the reliability of deep learning tools for segmenting white matter lesions in MRI scans of multiple sclerosis patients.
- It focuses on two main areas: ensuring that higher uncertainty values correctly indicate potentially incorrect predictions, and examining how uncertainty can vary across different anatomical levels—like voxels, lesions, and patients.
- The authors present new methods for measuring uncertainty at the lesion and patient scales, and their findings show that these methods are more effective at identifying model errors compared to traditional voxel-scale uncertainty measures.
Objective: To evaluate clinical data using oral n-acetylcysteine (NAC) in obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCDRD) treatment.
Data Sources: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE (1946-July 2022), and the Cochrane Library database were searched using the terms NAC, children, adolescent, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), trichotillomania (TTM), excoriation, hoarding disorder, and body dysmorphic disorder. Bibliographies were reviewed for relevant trials and case studies.
Objective: To fill the gap in knowledge on systematic differences between primary care practices (PCP) that do or do not provide intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) for obese Medicare patients.
Methods: A mixed modality survey (paper and online) of primary care practices obtained from a random sample of Medicare databases and a convenience sample of practice-based research network practices.
Key Results: A total of 287 practices responded to the survey, including 140 (7.