Metformin Alleviates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Preserving Mitochondrial Dynamics Balance and Calcium Homeostasis.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic medication for treating malignancies, although its cardiotoxicity limits its use. There is growing evidence that alteration of the mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamic processes accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and alteration of calcium Ca homeostasis are potential underlying mechanisms of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Metformin (Met) is an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator that has antioxidant properties and cardioprotective effects.

Evaluation of clinical performance of additively manufactured and milled polyetheretherketone (PEEK) inlays compared with indirect composite resin inlays over a one-year follow-up: A randomized clinical trial.

Statement Of Problem: Data on polymer materials, particularly polyetheretherketone (PEEK) used in restorative dentistry, are scarce, as is knowledge concerning the clinical efficacy of PEEK restorations produced through additive manufacturing when compared with existing indirect materials and techniques.

Purpose: The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical performance of additively manufactured and milled PEEK inlays compared with composite resin inlays according to modified United State Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria over a 1-year follow- up.

Material And Methods: Participants were allocated into 3 distinct categories based on the materials and techniques used: R1 denoting teeth restored with 3 dimensionally (3D) printed PEEK inlays (N=16), R2 representing teeth restored with milled PEEK inlays (N=16), and R3 indicating the comparator group comprising teeth restored with milled composite resin inlays (N=16).

Exposure to pesticide components causes recurrent pregnancy loss by increasing placental oxidative stress and apoptosis: a case-control study.

We investigated the plasma levels of pesticides components namely polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dieldrin, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), ethion, malathion, and chlorpyrifos in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) cases, and tested their associations with placental oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers [nitric oxide (NO), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] and with placental apoptotic/antiapoptotic indices (Bcl-2 and caspase-3), and evaluated their possible cut-off points to distinguish RPL cases. The study recruited 101 pregnant women divided into; G1 [n = 49, control, normal 1st-trimester pregnancy, normal obstetric history with at least one previous normal live birth], G2 [n = 26, cases with missed abortion (< 3 abortions) before 24 weeks of gestation], and G3 [n = 26, cases with missed abortion (≥ 3 abortions) before 24 weeks of gestation]. The plasma pesticide levels were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Role of adiponectin, resistin and monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 in overweight/obese asthma phenotype in children.

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways with diverse overlapping pathologies and phenotypes contributing to a significant heterogeneity in clinical manifestations. Obesity may modify asthma risk, phenotype, and prognosis. A suggested mechanism linking obesity and asthma is through systemic inflammation.