Smoking during pregnancy in an Irish obstetric Population: Prevalence, maternal and ethnic factors.

Objectives: Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with adverse health outcomes for the mother and her fetus in utero. A high prevalence of smoking during pregnancy is reported within an Irish obstetric population. However, there are no recent Irish data regarding change in smoking rates over time, or factors associated with declining smoking prevalence.

Low molecular weight carbohydrates and abiotic stress tolerance in lentil ( Medikus): a review.

Lentil ( Medikus) is a nutrient-rich, cool-season food legume that is high in protein, prebiotic carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. It is a staple food in many parts of the world, but crop performance is threatened by climate change, where increased temperatures and less predictable precipitation can reduce yield and nutritional quality. One mechanism that many plant species use to mitigate heat and drought stress is the production of disaccharides, oligosaccharides and sugar alcohols, collectively referred to as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWCs).

Ageist Attitudes Among Radiologic Science Professionals.

Purpose: To measure radiologic science professionals' current attitudes toward older adults.

Methods: The Geriatrics Attitude Scale (GAS) paper survey was distributed to radiology and radiation oncology personnel in a large, single teaching hospital system. The GAS provides a global measure of ageist attitudes using 14 questions and 4 subscales.

Caregivers of individuals with borderline personality disorder: The relationship between leading caregiver interventions and psychological distress/positive mental well-being.

Burden and psychological distress are higher in informal caregivers (ICs) of people with severe emotional and behavior dysregulation who have been given a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) compared with non-caregivers. The current cross-sectional study examines the difference in outcomes of ICs of people with BPD who have received the intervention Family Connections (FC) and who also led interventions for other caregivers (caregiver-leaders) compared with those who have attended FC but not led caregiver interventions (non-leader-FC participants). The sample for this research is from a larger study (Hayes et al.

Cost-Effectiveness of Social Determinants of Health Interventions: Evaluating Multisector Community Partnerships' Efforts.

Introduction: The purpose of this analysis was to rapidly evaluate the potential costs, cost-effectiveness, and long-term effects of efforts by multisector community partnerships (MCPs) to improve chronic disease outcomes and advance health equity by addressing social determinants of health (SDOH).

Methods: In 2022, the evaluators partnered with 13 MCPs to collect data on start-up and ongoing costs for implementing SDOH interventions and on intervention reach and timing. In 2023, the team used the Prevention Impacts Simulation Model to estimate the longer-term impact of MCPs' efforts over 5-, 10-, and 20-year periods.