Effect of Ovariohysterectomy at the Time of Tumor Removal in Dogs with Mammary Carcinomas: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Ovarian hormones play crucial roles in mammary carcinogenesis. However, whether ovarian ablation by ovariohysterectomy (OHE) improves the prognosis in dogs with mammary carcinomas is unclear.

Objectives: Determine if OHE at the time of mastectomy improves the prognosis in dogs with mammary carcinomas and evaluate if hormonal factors influence the effect of OHE.

Canine mammary gland tumours; a histological continuum from benign to malignant; clinical and histopathological evidence.

This study describes the clinical and histopathological findings in dogs with mammary gland tumours, and compares the histopathological and clinical evidence consistent with progression from benign to malignant to human breast cancer epidemiology. Clinical and histopathological data on 90 female dogs with 236 tumours was included. Dogs with malignant tumours were significantly older than dogs with benign tumours (9.

Biomechanical characterization of passive laxity of the hip joint in dogs.

Objective: To investigate the in vitro load/displacement characteristics of the hip joints in dogs as a function of joint position.

Sample Population: 10 hip joints from 5 healthy dogs.

Procedure: A material test system was used to generate load/displacement curves for each joint.

Biomechanical study of the effect of coxofemoral positioning on passive hip joint laxity in dogs.

Ten coxofemoral joints from 5 dog cadavers were used to study the effect of coxofemoral positioning on passive hip laxity. A material test system was used to measure lateral translation when force was between 20 N of compression and 40 N of distraction. Using the orthogonal coordinate system imposed in this study, neutral position was empirically defined at 15 degrees of extension and 10 degrees of abduction, relative to the plane of the pelvis, and no internal or external rotation of the femur.

Unilateral and bilateral stifle arthrodesis in eight dogs.

Nine stifle arthrodeses in eight dogs were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate use of the limb, each dog's comfort, complications, and factors that may have influenced the final outcome. Ability to use the limb after unilateral fusion was good (limb used at all times) in three dogs, fair (limb used at all gaits except a gallop) in three dogs, and poor (limb used only when running) in one dog. Factors that appeared to affect the outcome included angle at which the stifle was fused and lesions in the ipsilateral coxofemoral joint.