Nectar and pollen in Acer trees can contribute to improvement of food resources for pollinators.

In the present study, we quantified floral resources (nectar and pollen production) and their quality (nectar sugar composition, pollen protein content, pollen amino acid composition) in five Acer species (f. Sapindaceae) growing in forests and commonly planted in urban areas in the temperate zone. Acer trees provide high amounts of sugars and/or pollen.

The Influence of Skin Parameters and Body Composition on the Tolerance of Pain Stimulus Generated During Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) in Women - Pilot Study.

Purpose: This pilot study aims to explore how skin parameters and body composition impact the tolerance to EMS (Electrical Muscle Stimulation) stimuli in women, particularly focusing on pain tolerance in response to varying intensities of EMS. This research seeks to understand what is essential for optimizing EMS applications.

Patients And Methods: The study involved 16 females (age 35.

Assessment of the photoprotection properties of hair cosmetics using the hemispherical directional reflectance method.

Background: Solar radiation is responsible for changes in the structure of human hair, the damages include proteins (65%-95%), lipids, and melanin. The aim was to examine the effectiveness of sunscreen in hair cosmetics and whether hair color affects it.

Materials And Methods: The study included nine women, divided according to hair color to three groups: light, dark, and gray hair.

Attitudes towards the switching of anti-epileptic medications in pharmacies: the patients' perspective.

Purpose: A survey of epilepsy patients' experiences of and attitudes towards the pharmacy switching of anti-epileptic medications.

Methods: A structured questionnaire was administered to a group of epilepsy patients treated at the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology and the Medical University of Silesia, Poland. Two hundred and eleven patients (mean [± SD] age: 41.

Resistance of postprandial gastric functions and autonomic balance to taste stimulation.

Exposure to unpleasant tastes leads to disturbances of interdigestive gastric myoelectrical activity (GMA) and may affect sympathetic/parasympathetic balance (SPB). We made a careful study to determine whether taste stimulation modulates the postprandial GMA, SPB, and gastric emptying (GE) of a solid meal. Eighteen healthy volunteers (9F/9M) entered the study.