National and subnational plans for primary prevention and early detection of oral and oropharyngeal cancer: a scoping review.

This scoping review maps primary prevention and early detection strategies for oral and oropharyngeal cancer across national cancer plans and noncommunicable disease plans from all World Health Organization Member States. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, bibliographic search was performed on key organization websites until March 2023. Of the 194 countries assessed three had subnational plans, resulting in 264 self-governing political entities and similar with revised plans.

Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Does Not Accelerate Fear Extinction: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Study.

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has been tested as a strategy to facilitate fear extinction learning based on the hypothesis that taVNS increases central noradrenergic activity. Four studies out of six found taVNS to enhance extinction learning especially at the beginning of extinction. Facilitatory effects of taVNS were mainly observed in US expectancy, less in fear-potentiated startle (FPS), and not in the skin conductance response (SCR).

Fulvestrant Monotherapy After CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients: A Real-Life Experience.

The treatment of hormone receptor positive (HR+), HER-2 negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) has radically changed over the last few years. CDK4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy have become the standard of care as a front-line therapeutic approach, conferring a significant improvement in progression-free survival and overall survival compared to traditional endocrine therapy (ET) alone. However, the wide administration of these drugs in clinical practice paved the way for the emergence of new intrinsic and acquired mechanisms of resistance that seem to compromise second-line treatment effectiveness.

Unveiling the molecular profile of a prostate carcinoma: implications for personalized medicine.

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common diagnosed tumor and the fifth cancer related death among men in Europe. Although several genetic alterations such as ERG-TMPRSS2 fusion, MYC amplification, PTEN deletion and mutations in p53 and BRCA2 genes play a key role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer, specific gene alteration signature that could distinguish indolent from aggressive prostate cancer or may aid in patient stratification for prognosis and/or clinical management of patients with prostate cancer is still missing. Therefore, here, by a multi-omics approach we describe a prostate cancer carrying the fusion of TMPRSS2 with ERG gene and deletion of 16q chromosome arm.