[Abuse of children and adolescence].

Childhood and adolescent abuse (MTIA) is a serious and complex global public health problem with potentially devastating effects on the physical and mental health and well-being of people throughout their lives. This is a health issue that, although it was not recognized until a few decades ago, has very serious consequences on the lives of these future adult children and their families. By adopting various forms and modalities (violence, abuse, neglect and others), it is highly prevalent and has serious repercussions on personal development and both mental and physical morbidity.

[Impact of gender violence on girls and adolescents].

Gender is an important determinant of health. Its relationship with inequality and violence allows us to consider being a woman as a risk factor for health. Girls and teenager girls are not exempt from this circumstance, which conditions their lives from before birth and can determine their health status throughout life.

[Impact of care for victims of gender violence on the health professionals].

Professionals who work with women victims of gender violence face difficult emotional situations, and it is important to be aware of the emotions and feelings that the attitudes and behaviour of victims and aggressors generate in them. These emotions can become barriers to communication and seriously affect the professional's relationship with victims. Furthermore, they can generate situations of sustained stress, lead to emotional exhaustion, and affect their health, life, and work performance.

[The necessary response of health services to gender violence. Comprehensive care and provision of integrated services].

Gender violence has multiple and serious consequences for the health of victims and their families, hence the reason for the important role that the health system plays in addressing it. Health professionals have a key role in the response, which must include early detection, care, and follow-up; actions in which primary care, because of its privileged position in the system, can play a fundamental part. This article establishes the necessary characteristics for the intervention to be effective: comprehensive care, multidisciplinary approach, intersectoral coordination, and integrated service provision; all of it community-oriented, person-centered, and adapted to its context (social factors and vulnerabilities) with an intersectional approach.

[Prevention of mental health disorders in primary care: Pregnancy in adolescence].

Adolescent pregnancy is generally an unwanted pregnancy, a situation that involves significant biological, psychological and social overloads, with repercussions on the health of the mother and the child. But the psychosocially important fact is that an unwanted pregnancy in its entirety gives rise to the birth of an ambivalently wanted child, a high-risk child. Those born in Spain in 2020 to women under 20 years of age were 8,305, which corresponds to 1.

[Mental health in epidemics: A perspective from the Spanish Primary Health Care].

The pandemic of the disease known as COVID-19 (acronym for coronavirus disease-2019), which was first detected in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019, has led to an international public health emergency. This due to several reasons (threat to the lives of many people, unprecedented health and socioeconomic crisis, cessation of school and work activities, or the need to adopt extraordinary measures, including quarantining entire cities or countries). The PAPPS Mental Health Group has considered it important to observe, reflect and investigate the phenomena that are occurring, and will occur, in what has possibly been one of the most extensive and radical public health interventions in recent history.

[COVID-19 pandemic and mental health: Initial considerations from spanish primary health care].

An approach is made to the psychological and psychosocial characteristics that the COVID-19 pandemic is acquiring in the countries of our socio-cultural environment. The scarcity of research in this regard and the necessary acceptance of uncertainty to face the situation, both socially, as well as health and psychological, are discussed. Consequently, a series of reflections and recommendations are proposed for the psychological care of the population, health workers and social organization based on: 1) The existence of psychological and psychosocial research into connected fields and 2) In the new neuroscientific perspectives on emotions and their elaboration in crisis situations.

Differential recognition of Haemophilus influenzae whole bacterial cells and isolated lipooligosaccharides by galactose-specific lectins.

Bacterial surfaces are decorated with carbohydrate structures that may serve as ligands for host receptors. Based on their ability to recognize specific sugar epitopes, plant lectins are extensively used for bacteria typing. We previously observed that the galactose-specific agglutinins from Ricinus communis (RCA) and Viscum album (VAA) exhibited differential binding to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) clinical isolates, their binding being distinctly affected by truncation of the lipooligosaccharide (LOS).

Short-Term Effectiveness of a Mobile Phone App for Increasing Physical Activity and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Primary Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial (EVIDENT II Study).

Background: The use of mobile phone apps for improving lifestyles has become generalized in the population, although little is still known about their effectiveness in improving health.

Objective: We evaluate the effect of adding an app to standard counseling on increased physical activity (PA) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, 3 months after implementation.

Methods: A randomized, multicenter clinical trial was carried out.

Anti-endotoxic activity and structural basis for human MD-2·TLR4 antagonism of tetraacylated lipid A mimetics based on βGlcN(1↔1)αGlcN scaffold.

Interfering with LPS binding by the co-receptor protein myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2) represents a useful approach for down-regulation of MD-2·TLR4-mediated innate immune signaling, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases, including sepsis syndrome. The antagonistic activity of a series of novel synthetic tetraacylated bis-phosphorylated glycolipids based on the βGlcN(1↔1)αGlcN scaffold was assessed in human monocytic macrophage-like cell line THP-1, dendritic cells and human epithelial cells. Two compounds were shown to inhibit efficiently the LPS-induced inflammatory signaling by down-regulation of the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-12 to background levels.

Conformational selection in glycomimetics: human galectin-1 only recognizes syn-Ψ-type conformations of β-1,3-linked lactose and its C-glycosyl derivative.

The human lectin galectin-1 (hGal-1) translates sugar signals, that is, β-galactosides, into effects on the level of cells, for example, growth regulation, and has become a model for studying binding of biopharmaceutically relevant derivatives. Bound-state conformations of Galβ-C-(1→3)-Glcβ-OMe (1) and its βGal-(1→3)-βGlc-OMe disaccharide parent compound were studied by using NMR spectroscopy (transferred (TR)-NOESY data), assisted by docking experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The molecular recognition process involves a conformational selection event.

Accounting for solvent signal offsets in the analysis of interferometric sedimentation velocity data.

Sedimentation velocity (SV) analytical ultracentrifugation has re-emerged as an important tool in the characterization of biological macromolecules and nanoparticles. The computational analysis of the evolution of the macromolecular concentration profile allows the characterization of many hydrodynamic and thermodynamic properties of the macromolecules and their interactions. The Rayleigh interference optical system is often the detection method of choice, for its usually superior data quality and the wide applicability of refractive index sensitive detection.