Salivary Transmembrane Mucins of the MUC1 Family (CA 15-3, CA 27.29, MCA) in Breast Cancer: The Effect of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2).

The MUC1 family of transmembrane glycoproteins (CA 15-3, CA 27.29, MCA) is aberrantly expressed among patients with breast cancer. : to measure the level of degradation products of MUC1, including CA 15-3, CA 27.

Salivary Metabolites in Breast Cancer and Fibroadenomas: Focus on Menopausal Status and BMI.

Unlabelled: This study of the features of the biochemical composition of biological fluids in patients with breast cancer, including saliva, allows us to identify some indicators as metabolic predictors of the presence of the disease.

Objectives: to study the influence of the menopause factor and body mass index (BMI) on the biochemical composition of saliva and to evaluate the applicability of metabolic markers of saliva for the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Methods: The case-control study involved 1438 people (breast cancer, = 543; fibroadenomas, = 597; control, = 298).

Tissue Interactions in Dense Tissues of the Orofacial Region in Patients with Connective Tissue Dysplasia.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the rate and quality of maturation of the mineral component of impacted teeth 38 and 48 and a fragment of the human lower jaw with connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) in different periods of postnatal ontogenesis.

Methods And Material: The study involved 102 males (76 with CTD and 26 without CTD), divided into age groups: 31-40, 41-50 and 51-60 years. For medical reasons, teeth 38 and 48 were removed from each patient, as well as a fragment of the alveolar part of the lower jaw in the projection of teeth 38 and 48 measuring 0.

Salivary Biomarkers in Breast Cancer: From Salivaomics to Salivaoncoomics.

Saliva is a promising biological fluid for the diagnosis and monitoring of diseases, including breast cancer. To study the composition of saliva, a complex of "omics" technologies is used: genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and microbiomics. In this review, we systematized all known "omics" in their application to saliva analysis in breast cancer in order to understand how complete the picture is provided by the combination of different areas of research and to identify missing links.

The Role of Salivary Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Cytokines, and Amino Acids in Immunomodulation and Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer.

In this work, we focused on the analysis of VEGF content in saliva and its relationship with pro-inflammatory cytokines and amino acids involved in immunomodulation and angiogenesis in breast cancer. The study included 230 breast cancer patients, 92 patients with benign breast disease, and 59 healthy controls. Before treatment, saliva samples were obtained from all participants, and the content of VEGF and cytokines in saliva was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, as well as the content of amino acids by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Free Salivary Amino Acid Profile in Breast Cancer: Clinicopathological and Molecular Biological Features.

The study of salivary amino acid profiles has attracted the attention of researchers, since amino acids are actively involved in most metabolic processes, including breast cancer. In this study, we analyzed the amino acid profile of saliva in a sample including all molecular biological subtypes of breast cancer to obtain a more complete picture and evaluate the potential utility of individual amino acids or their combinations for diagnostic purposes. This study included 116 patients with breast cancer, 24 patients with benign breast disease, and 25 healthy controls.

Salivary Tryptophan as a Metabolic Marker of HER2-Negative Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer.

Changes in the concentration of tryptophan (Trp) indicate a serious metabolic restructuring, which is both a cause and a consequence of many diseases. This work examines the upward change in salivary Trp concentrations among patients with breast cancer. This study involved volunteers divided into three groups: breast cancer (n = 104), non-malignant breast pathologies (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 20).

Oxidative Stress in Breast Cancer: A Biochemical Map of Reactive Oxygen Species Production.

This review systematizes information about the metabolic features of breast cancer directly related to oxidative stress. It has been shown those redox changes occur at all levels and affect many regulatory systems in the human body. The features of the biochemical processes occurring in breast cancer are described, ranging from nonspecific, at first glance, and strictly biochemical to hormone-induced reactions, genetic and epigenetic regulation, which allows for a broader and deeper understanding of the principles of oncogenesis, as well as maintaining the viability of cancer cells in the mammary gland.

The Role of Amino Acids in Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Mechanisms in Cancer: A Review.

Currently, the antioxidant properties of amino acids and their role in the physicochemical processes accompanying oxidative stress in cancer remain unclear. Cancer cells are known to extensively uptake amino acids, which are used as an energy source, antioxidant precursors that reduce oxidative stress in cancer, and as regulators of inhibiting or inducing tumor cell-associated gene expression. This review examines nine amino acids (Cys, His, Phe, Met, Trp, Tyr, Pro, Arg, Lys), which play a key role in the non-enzymatic oxidative process in various cancers.

The Role of Amino Acids in the Diagnosis, Risk Assessment, and Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Review.

This review summarizes the role of amino acids in the diagnosis, risk assessment, imaging, and treatment of breast cancer. It was shown that the content of individual amino acids changes in breast cancer by an average of 10-15% compared with healthy controls. For some amino acids (Thr, Arg, Met, and Ser), an increase in concentration is more often observed in breast cancer, and for others, a decrease is observed (Asp, Pro, Trp, and His).

Diagnostic Value of Salivary Amino Acid Levels in Cancer.

This review analyzed 21 scientific papers on the determination of amino acids in various types of cancer in saliva. Most of the studies are on oral cancer (8/21), breast cancer (4/21), gastric cancer (3/21), lung cancer (2/21), glioblastoma (2/21) and one study on colorectal, pancreatic, thyroid and liver cancer. The amino acids alanine, valine, phenylalanine, leucine and isoleucine play a leading role in the diagnosis of cancer via the saliva.

Potential Diagnostic Value of Salivary Tumor Markers in Breast, Lung and Ovarian Cancer: A Preliminary Study.

The aim of the study was to determine the content of tumor markers for breast, lung and ovarian cancer in saliva, as well as for benign diseases of the corresponding organs and in the control group, and to evaluate their diagnostic significance. Strictly before the start of treatment, saliva samples were obtained and the concentrations of tumor markers (AFP, NSE, HE4, CA15-3, CA72-4, CA125 and CEA) were determined using an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). CA125 and HE4 were simultaneously determined to be in the blood serum of patients with ovarian cancer.

Infrared Spectroscopy to Analyze Sexual Dimorphism of Hard Dental Tissue Maturation at Eruption in Patients with Connective Tissue Dysplasia.

The aim of this study was to research the biochemical changes in the hard tissues of the lower "wisdom" teeth, which are at the stage of eruption, with connective tissue dysplasia, depending on sex. The study involved 38 patients aged 17-25 years, who had the extraction of the lower third molars on the left and right for medical reasons. Twenty-one participants in the experiment (16 females, five males) were diagnosed with connective tissue dysplasia; the remaining 17 were healthy and made up the control group (11 females, six males).

Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Salivary Cytokines in Breast Cancer: Relationship with Clinicopathological Characteristics of the Tumor.

The aim of the work was to compare the salivary cytokine profile of breast cancer patients with the clinicopathological characteristics of the tumor. The study included 113 patients with breast cancer (main group, mean age 54.1 years) and 111 patients with breast fibroadenomas (control group, mean age 56.

«Salivaomics» of Different Molecular Biological Subtypes of Breast Cancer.

The aim of the study was to determine the metabolic characteristics of saliva depending on the molecular biological subtype of breast cancer, as well as depending on the expression levels of HER2, estrogen receptors (ER), and progesterone receptors (PR). The study included 487 patients with morphologically verified breast cancer and 298 volunteers without breast pathologies. Saliva samples were obtained from all patients strictly before the start of treatment and the values of 42 biochemical indicators were determined.

Prognostic Value of Salivary Biochemical Indicators in Primary Resectable Breast Cancer.

Despite the fact that breast cancer was detected in the early stages, the prognosis was not always favorable. In this paper, we examined the impact of clinical and pathological characteristics of patients and the composition of saliva before treatment on overall survival and the risk of recurrence of primary resectable breast cancer. The study included 355 patients of the Omsk Clinical Oncology Center with a diagnosis of primary resectable breast cancer (TNM).

Metabolic Features of Saliva in Breast Cancer Patients.

The aim of the work was to study the metabolic characteristics of saliva in breast cancer and the subsequent assessment of the potential information content of its individual biochemical indicators. The study included 487 patients of the Omsk Clinical Oncology Center with morphologically verified breast cancer and 298 volunteers without breast pathologies. Saliva samples were obtained from all patients before the start of treatment, and the values of 34 biochemical indicators were determined.

Application of FTIR Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of Blood Serum: A Preliminary Study.

The aim of this study was to analyze the possibility of simultaneous determination of the concentration of components from the characteristics of FTIR spectra using the example of a model blood serum. To prepare model solutions, a set of freeze-dried control sera based on bovine blood serum was used, certified for approximately 38 parameters. Based on the values of the absorbance and areas of absorption bands in the FTIR spectra of model solutions, a regression equation was constructed by solving a nonlinear problem using the generalized reduced gradient method.

Analysis of Saliva Lipids in Breast and Prostate Cancer by IR Spectroscopy.

We have developed a method for studying the lipid profile of saliva, combining preliminary extraction and IR spectroscopic detection. The case-control study involved patients with a histologically verified diagnosis of breast and prostate cancer and healthy volunteers. The comparison group included patients with non-malignant pathologies of the breast (fibroadenomas) and prostate gland (prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia).

Survival Rates of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Depending on Lymph Node Metastasis: A Focus on Saliva.

The aim of this study was to compare overall survival (OS) rates at different pN stages of NSCLC depending on tumor characteristics and to assess the applicability of saliva biochemical markers as prognostic signs. The study included 239 patients with NSCLC (pN-120, pN-51, pN-68). Saliva was analyzed for 34 biochemical indicators before the start of treatment.

Features of the Metabolic Profile of Saliva in Lung Cancer and COPD: The Effect of Smoking Status.

The aim of the study was to compare the metabolic characteristics of the salivary composition in lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and their combination, depending on the smoking history. The study group included 392 patients with lung cancer of various histological types. The division into subgroups was carried out in accordance with the severity of COPD and smoking experience.

Potential Diagnostic Significance of Salivary Copper Determination in Breast Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study.

Determination of the copper content in the saliva of breast cancer patients was carried out to assess the potential diagnostic and prognostic value. The malignant group included 75 breast cancer patients; the benign group included 87 patients with fibroadenomas; and the control group included 20 volunteers without breast pathology. All participants had 1 ml of saliva collected prior to treatment.

Indicators of L-arginine metabolism in saliva: A focus on breast cancer.

Objectives: To analyze the arginase activity, the level of nitric oxide (NO) and the cytokine profile of saliva in patients with breast cancer.

Methods: A total of 114 volunteers took part in this case-control study, and were divided into three groups as follows: The main group (breast cancer, n = 43), the comparison group (fibroadenomas, n = 32), and the control group (conditionally healthy, n = 39). All participants underwent biochemical examination of saliva and histological verification of the diagnosis.

Salivary Metabolic Profile of Patients with Lung Cancer, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease of Varying Severity and Their Comorbidity: A Preliminary Study.

The aim of the work was to study the features of the salivary biochemical composition in the combined pathology of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of varying severity (COPD I, COPD II). The study group included patients with lung cancer ( = 392), non-malignant lung pathologies ( = 168) and healthy volunteers ( = 500). Before treatment, the salivary biochemical composition was determined according to 34 indicators.

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Salivary Biochemical Markers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The purpose of the work is a comprehensive assessment of biochemical saliva markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of oral cancer. The group of patients included 68 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, 50 with non-cancerous diseases of the oral cavity, and 114 healthy volunteers. Before the start of treatment, 23 biochemical parameters of saliva were determined.